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只有准确的用语，才能达到事半功倍的效果和交流的目的，这也是为什么要区分近义词和同义词的原因。Fine 除了作形容词，还可以作名词，它与“罚”有关，那么它跟另外一个与“罚”有关的 penalty 有什么区别呢？
作名词时，fine 的英文解释是：a sum of money that must be paid as punishment for breaking a law or rule
由此可见，fine 是跟钱挂钩的，它意为“罚金，罚款”，是 punishment 的一种，例如：
She has already paid over $2 000 in fines.
If found guilty, he faces six months in jail and a heavy fine.
The maximum penalty for the offence is a $2,000 fine.
解析：由此例句可以看出， fine 是 penalty 的一种。
Penalty 的英文解释是：a punishment for breaking a law, rule or contract
由此可见，penalty 就是惩罚（punishment），它意为“惩罚；处罚；刑罚”，常与 for 连用，例如：
The penalty for travelling without a ticket is £100.
They are campaigning for stiffer penalties for people who drink and drive.
Execution is still the penalty in some states for murder.
1. 两者的定义不同，fine 是指对已被判定犯罪或轻罪的人施加的金钱指控或付款，而 penalty 是指法律对某一行为的履行或对某一行为的不履行规定的惩罚措施。