Unit 1 How can we become good learners?
常用词组
*1.read the textbook 读课本
2. make word cards 做词汇卡
3. ask the teacher for help 向老师求助
*4.have conversations with friends
与朋友交谈
*5. learn a lot that way 用那种方法学到很多
6. read aloud to practice pronunciation
大声朗读来练习发音
*7. pronounce the word 发这个单词的音
*8. improve my speaking skills
提高我的口语技能
9. too hard to understand spoken English
太难了而不能理解英语口语
*10. read quickly to get the main ideas
快速阅读来获得中心思想
11. read word by word 一个词一个词地读
12. the expressions on their faces
他们的面部表情
13. listen for the key words 听关键词
14. listen to the teacher carefully
认真听老师讲
*15. one of the secrets to language learning
语言学习的秘诀之一
*16. look them up in a dictionary
在字典中查阅它们
*17. repeat out loud 大声重复
18. take notes 做笔记
*19. memorize sentence patterns 记句型
*20. increase my reading speed 提高我的阅读速度
21. get much listening practice
获得大量听力练习
*22. make mistakes in grammar 在语法上犯错误
*23. be born with the ability to learn
具有与生俱来的学习能力
*24. pay attention to it for a long time
长时间关注它
*25. connect... with...
把……和……连接或联系起来
*26. be afraid of making mistakes 害怕犯错误
27. draw mind maps 画思维导图
*28. look for ways to review what they have learned
寻找方法来复习他们所学的内容
29. review them on your own 自行复习
*30. a lifelong journey 终身的旅行
*31. create an interest in what they learn
激发他们对所学内容的兴趣
*32. develop their study skills
发展他们的学习技能
重点句型
1. —How do you learn English? 你如何学英语？
—I learn by studying with a group.
我通过小组学习。
2. —What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation? 大声朗读来练习发音怎么样？
—I do that sometimes. I think it helps.
我有时那样做。我认为有用。
3. The more you read, the faster you'll be.
你读得越多，阅读速度就越快。
4. I can understand the meaning by watching their body language and the expressions on their faces.
我能通过观察他们的肢体语言和面部表情来弄懂意思。
5. It's a piece of cake. 小事一桩。
6. It serves you right. 你活该。
7. I don't have a partner to practice English with. 我没有搭档练习英语。
8. Whether or not you can do this well depends__on your learning habits．
你是否能学好取决于你的学习习惯。
9. Use it or lose it. 不用则废。
10. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
11. Knowledge comes from questioning.
知识源于质疑。
词法精选
1. aloud 大声地；出声地
(1)aloud作副词，意为“大声地；出声地”。
(2)aloud, loud与loudly的区别：
aloud, loud 和 loudly 都可以表示“大声地”，但在用法上有区别。
1)aloud和loud作副词时，都有“大声地；响亮地”的意思，有时可以通用。但aloud与read，think等动词连用时，强调“出声”，而loud通常只与talk, speak, shout, laugh等动词连用，且必须放在这些动词之后，在口语中可代替loudly。如：
①He read the letter aloud to us.
他把信大声念给我们听。
②Speak louder, please, or no one can hear you.
请更大声些，否则没人能听见。
2)aloud只可作副词，但loud 还可作形容词，意为“大声的；高声的”。如：
He has a loud voice. 他有一个大嗓门。
3)loudly也作副词，意为“响亮地”，其基本意义与 loud 相同，还常与 ring, knock 等动词连用。 loudly 放在动词前后均可，含有“喧闹”或“嘈杂”的意味。如：
We can't speak loudly in public places.
我们不能在公共场所大声喧哗。
2. patient 有耐心的
(1)作形容词时，意为“有耐心的”。如：
Sorry, I'm quite busy. You should be patient and wait for a few minutes.
对不起，我很忙。你要耐心些，再等几分钟。
常用搭配：be patient with表示“对……有耐心”。如：
You will have to be patient with her. She's not very quick on the uptake.
你对她得耐心点。她的理解能力不太强。
(2)作可数名词时，意为“病人”。如：
He is a patient with cancer, but he still lives quite happily every day.
他是一个癌症患者，但他每天仍然活得很快乐。
(3)patient的派生词：
patience n. 耐心
patiently adv. 耐心地
impatient adj. 没有耐心的
3. voice, sound与noise的区别
(1)voice 指人的嗓音，也指鸟鸣。如：
in a low voice低声地
at the top of my voice 扯着嗓子；最大声地
(2)sound意为“声音；响声”，指人可以听到的各种声音。如：
hear a strange sound听到一个奇怪的声音
(3)noise意为“噪音；吵闹声”。常用短语：make noise吵闹；make a lot of noise制造很多噪音。如：
Don't make any noise! 别吵闹！
(4)noise的派生词：
noisy adj. 吵闹的
noisily adv. 吵闹地
如：
①Don't be noisy. 别吵闹。
②Don't go into the room noisily. The baby is sleeping.
进房间时别大声吵闹。婴儿在睡觉。
4. be afraid of sth./doing sth.
害怕某事/做某事
(1)be afraid of后接名词或动名词。如：
I'm afraid of being alone. 我害怕独处。
(2)be afraid还有以下几种用法：
1)be afraid to do sth. 意为“害怕做某事”。如：
I'm afraid to ask for help.
我害怕求人帮忙。
2)be afraid (that)＋句子，意为“恐怕……；担心……”，表示委婉语气。如：
I'm afraid (that) I can't go to your party.
我恐怕去不了你的派对。
句法精析
1. It's too hard to understand spoken English.
听懂英语口语太难了。
“too＋形容词/副词＋动词不定式”结构简称为too... to...结构。这种结构是英语中常用的一种句型，在大多数情况下表示否定意义，因此在翻译时，通常可译为“太……而不能……；太……而无法……”。如：
①He walked too slowly to get there on time. 他走得太慢，不能按时到达那儿。
②I'm too tired to think of anything now.
我现在太累了，什么也想不起来了。
2. Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English?
魏芬为什么觉得学英语难？
(1)find it＋形容词＋to do sth.意为“发现做某事……”，it在这里作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式to do sth.，此结构相当于find＋宾语从句，但宾语从句中要注意时态与主句一致。如：
I found it interesting to play Chinese chess.＝I found it was interesting to play Chinese chess.
我发现下中国象棋很有趣。
(2)find＋宾语＋宾补(名词、形容词、介词短语、分词)，意为“觉得……；发现……”。如：
①We find her an honest girl.
我们觉得她是一个诚实的女孩。
②We find her honest.
我们觉得她很诚实。
③We found him in the classroom.
我们发现他在教室里。
④I found him working in the garden.
我发现他在花园工作。
⑤He found the window closed.
他发现窗户关着。
3. The teacher spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time.
老师讲得如此快以至于大多数时候我都没有听懂。
so... that...用来引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”，常用结构：so＋形容词/副词＋that从句。此结构的从句为否定句时，可以用not... enough to...和too... to...结构将主从复合句转换为简单句。如：
It's so difficult that I can't understand the meaning of the English story.＝It's not easy enough to understand the meaning of the English story.＝It's too difficult to understand the meaning of the English story.
要明白这个英语故事的寓意很难。
4. It serves you right.
你活该。/这是你应得的。
It serves sb. right.是固定搭配，意为“某人活该；是某人应得的”。如：
I once told you to work hard, but you always turned a deaf ear to me. It serves you right.
以前我告诉过你要努力工作，但你总是不听我的。你这是自作自受。
语法精讲
1. by的含义及用法
(1)通过……方式；通过……途径。如：
I learn English by listening to tapes.
我通过听磁带学习英语。
(2)在……旁边。如：
Can you sit by the window?
你能坐在窗边吗？
(3)乘坐交通工具。如：
I often go to school by bus.
我经常乘公共汽车上学。
(4)在……之前；到……为止。如：
I have to go back by ten o'clock.
我不得不在十点之前回去。
(5)被。如：
English is spoken by many people.
很多人讲英语。
(6)固定短语：by the way顺便说一下；by mistake错误地；by oneself 独自；one by one一个接一个；by the end of到……末为止；time goes by时光流逝；by accident偶然地；word by word逐字逐句。
2. It is＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.
对某人而言做某事是……
这个句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是其后的动词不定式to do sth.。
【辨析】
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It's ＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth. |
It's ＋adj.＋ of sb.to do sth. |
|
该句型中的形容词一般为表示事物的特征、特点或客观形势的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等 |
该句型中的形容词一般为表示性格、品德、心智、能力或主观感情、态度的形容词，如kind, good, nice, friendly, foolish等 |
如：
①It's important for us to learn English well.
学好英语对我们而言很重要。
②It's friendly of you to say like this.
你这样说真是太友好了。
3. so... that, such... that 与so that 辨析
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so... that |
表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，其中so 修饰形容词或副词 |
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such... that |
表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，其中such 修饰名词 |
|
so that |
表示“以便；为的是”，引导目的状语从句 |
如：
①The mountain is so high that I can't climb it.＝It is such a high mountain that I can't climb it. 这座山太高了，我爬不上去。
②He spoke slowly so that we could understand what he said.
他讲得很慢以便我们能听懂他所说的。
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