advantage语法

在本专栏中，我会选取一些常见单词的常用写作搭配，主要为adj+n、vt+n、n+v、adj+adv这几种搭配。本期讲解advantage和disadvantage两个名词的用词搭配。

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1 advantage

①adj+advantage

很大的优势：major/great/huge/considerable/significant advantage

明显的优势：obvious/distinct/definite advantage

竞争优势：competitive advantage

【例句1】A major advantage of solar energy is its sustainability and low cost.天阳能的一个很大优势就是其可持续性和低成本。

【例句2】Relevant work experience gives applicants a competitive advantage.相关的工作经验可以给应聘者竞争优势。

②vt+advantage

拥有优势：enjoy/possess+advantage

获得优势：gain/obtain/secure+advantage

使...具有优势：give sb an advantage/confer an advantage on sb

利用优势：exploit+advantage

【例句】College students will gain an advantage over their peers by doing several internships.大学生可以通过几次实习经历来获得相比于同龄人的优势。

③其他短语

利大于弊：the advantages outweigh the disadvantages

处于优势地位：be at an advantage【反义短语】be at an disadvantage

【例句】The advantages of online learning outweigh the disadvantages.在线学习利大于弊。

2 disadvantage

①adj+disadvantage

很大的劣势：和advantage较为类似

潜在的劣势：potential/possible

具体的不利：

social/economic/educational/employment disadvantage社会/经济/教育/就业方面的不利

【例句】Universities should pay more heed to students' economic disadvantage.大学应该对学生的经济困难给与更多关注。

②vt+disadvantage

面临劣势：

suffer(from)/experience/face+disadvantage

应对劣势：

address/tackle/alleviate/eliminate/minimise/overcome/reduce+disadvantage

使...处于不利：put/leave/place sb at an disadvantage

注：put/leave这几个词可以表示使...处于某些状态/情况，一般用作put/leave+宾语+表语结构。如put...at risk、leave the door open。

【例句1】Lack of parental company may put left-behind children at an educational disadvantage.缺乏父母的陪伴可能会使留守儿童在教育方面处于劣势。

【例句2】When working remotely, employees may face the disadvantage of being distracted by such factors as home entertainment and children, hindering their productivity.在家工作时，员工可能会面临劣势：被家庭娱乐和小孩之类的因素干扰，进而影响其工作效率。

句型搭配：有一个用法很少有地方讲到过：当advantage/disadvantage(或benefit/cost等词)与there be句型搭配时，通常会将advantage/disadvantage of中的介词of改为介词to，即：

There are advantages/disadvantages to sth/doing sth.

【例句】There are significant advantages to living in a large city, such as advanced medical service, quality educational resources and convenient transport.住在大城市有明显的优势，比如先进的医疗服务、优质的教育资源和便利的交通。

当然，使用There are advantages/disadvantages of sth/doing sth.也没有语法问题，只不过母语人士使用的频率相对更低。

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