RTL顶层自动连线听说过吗?想学吗?我们今天就来介绍自动连线的神器——emacs verilog-mode。
emacs是什么?
江湖流传版:传说中神的编辑器。
维基百科版:Emacs(Editor MACroS,宏编辑器),最初由Richard Stallman于1975年在MIT协同Guy Lewis Steele Jr.共同完成。
verilog-mode是什么
官网的介绍(https://www.veripool.org/wiki/verilog-mode):
Verilog-mode.el is the extremely popular free Verilog mode for Emacs which provides context-sensitive highlighting, auto indenting, and provides macro expansion capabilities to greatly reduce Verilog coding time. It supports AUTOs and indentation in Emacs for traditional Verilog (1394-2005), the Open Verification Methodology (OVM) and SystemVerilog (1800-2005/1800-2009).
Recent versions allow you to insert AUTOS in non-AUTO designs, so IP interconnect can be easily modified. You can also expand SystemVerilog ".*" port instantiations, to see what ports will be connected by the simulators.
简单点说就是支持Verilog、SystemVerilog(包括UVM)的emacs语法高亮文件。其中提到Verilog-mode支持Autos——这就是今天的重点。
Verilog-mode是由Michael McNamara mac@verilog.com和Wilson Snyder wsnyder@wsnyder.org编写。难能可贵的是,这个verilog-mode保持着每月都有更新。
值得一提的是Wilson Snyder就是SystemVerilog开源仿真器Verilator的作者。
verilog-mode Autos有哪些功能
手动编写的verilog代码:
module example (/*AUTOARG*/);
input i;
output o;
/*AUTOINPUT*/
/*AUTOOUTPUT*/
/*AUTOREG*/
inst inst (/*AUTOINST*/);
always @ (/*AUTOSENSE*/) begin
o = i;
end
endmodule
由Autos处理后的Verilog代码:
module example (/*AUTOARG*/
// Outputs
lower_out, o,
// Inputs
lower_inb, lower_ina, i
);
input i;
output o;
/*AUTOINPUT*/
// Beginning of automatic inputs
input lower_ina; // To inst of inst.v
input lower_inb; // To inst of inst.v
// End of automatics
/*AUTOOUTPUT*/
// Beginning of automatic output
output lower_out; // From inst of inst.v
// End of automactics
/*AUTOREG*/
// Beginning of automatic regs
reg o;
// End of automatics
inst inst (/*AUTOINST*
// Outputs
.lower_out (lower_out),
// Inputs
.lower_inb (lower_inb),
.lower_ina (lower_ina));
always @ (/*AUTOSENSE*/i) begin
o = i;
end
大家可以看到,verilog-mode自动分析出:
-
模块的端口输入和输出
-
内部变量
-
敏感信号列表
-
提取子模块的端口定义
自动提取子模块的端口定义来连线是今天的重点中的重点。一般来讲,我们实例化模块时大部分的信号名与子模块定义的名字一致即可。如上面代码中的:
inst inst (/*AUTOINST*
// Outputs
.lower_out (lower_out),
// Inputs
.lower_inb (lower_inb),
.lower_ina (lower_ina));
特殊连接关系的处理
但常常我们顶层连接时会换一个名字。比如module A有一个输出端口dat_o,module B有一个输入端口dat_i,这两者怎么连?定义模版AUTO_TEMPLATE,如下:
手动编写的verilog:
/* A AUTO_TMEPLATE (
.dat_o (dat_a2b),
)
*/
A u_A (/*AUTOINST*/);
/* B AUTO_TEMPLATE (
.dat_i (dat_a2b),
)
*/
B u_B (/*AUTOINST*/);
由Autos处理后的verilog代码:
/* A AUTO_TMEPLATE (
.dat_o (dat_a2b),
)
*/
A u_A (/*AUTOINST*/
// Outputs
.dat_o (dat_a2b)); // Templated
/* B AUTO_TEMPLATE (
.dat_i (dat_a2b),
)
*/
B u_B (/*AUTOINST*/
// Inputs
.dat_i (dat_a2b)); // Templated
在哪里找子模块定义?
默认规则:
-
当前文件夹下找
-
当前找不到怎么办,指定搜索路径(与verilog仿真器的参数-y一样)
使用方法:在顶层endmodule后面指定verilog-library-directories,如下:
endmodule // top
// Local Variables:
// verilog-library-directories:("." "subdir" "subdirs")
// End:
除了写模版还需要做什么?
只需要Ctrl-C Ctrl-A
,仅此而已。
如果修改了子模块或者模版,再按一次Ctrl-C Ctrl-A。
更多功能
verilog-auto-arg for AUTOARG module instantiations
verilog-auto-ascii-enum for AUTOASCIIENUM enumeration decoding
verilog-auto-assign-modport for AUTOASSIGNMODPORT assignment to/from modport
verilog-auto-inout for AUTOINOUT making hierarchy inouts
verilog-auto-inout-comp for AUTOINOUTCOMP copy complemented i/o
verilog-auto-inout-in for AUTOINOUTIN inputs for all i/o
verilog-auto-inout-modport for AUTOINOUTMODPORT i/o from an interface modport
verilog-auto-inout-module for AUTOINOUTMODULE copying i/o from elsewhere
verilog-auto-inout-param for AUTOINOUTPARAM copying params from elsewhere
verilog-auto-input for AUTOINPUT making hierarchy inputs
verilog-auto-insert-lisp for AUTOINSERTLISP insert code from lisp function
verilog-auto-insert-last for AUTOINSERTLAST insert code from lisp function
verilog-auto-inst for AUTOINST instantiation pins
verilog-auto-star for AUTOINST .* SystemVerilog pins
verilog-auto-inst-param for AUTOINSTPARAM instantiation params
verilog-auto-logic for AUTOLOGIC declaring logic signals
verilog-auto-output for AUTOOUTPUT making hierarchy outputs
verilog-auto-output-every for AUTOOUTPUTEVERY making all outputs
verilog-auto-reg for AUTOREG registers
verilog-auto-reg-input for AUTOREGINPUT instantiation registers
verilog-auto-reset for AUTORESET flop resets
verilog-auto-sense for AUTOSENSE or AS always sensitivity lists
verilog-auto-tieoff for AUTOTIEOFF output tieoffs
verilog-auto-undef for AUTOUNDEF =`undef of local =`defines
verilog-auto-unused for AUTOUNUSED unused inputs/inouts
verilog-auto-wire for AUTOWIRE instantiation wires
verilog-read-defines for reading =`define values
verilog-read-includes for reading =`includes
详见官网帮助文档:
https://www.veripool.org/projects/verilog-mode/wiki/Verilog-mode-Help
verilog-mode下载、安装
新版的GNU Emacs自带verilog-mode,如果需要最新的verilog-mode可以在官网下载:
https://www.veripool.org/projects/verilog-mode/wiki/Installing
VIM用户咋办?
可以用VIM调动shell命令执行(emacs批处理模式),例如:
:!emacs --batch <filenames.v> -f verilog-batch-auto
是不是很简单!
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