文本选自:The Guardian(卫报)
作者:Unknow
原文标题:Germany’s housing sector slumps into crisis
原文发布时间:24 Sept. 2023
Germany's housing sector slumps into crisis
Valeriy Shevchenko felt like he made the purchase of his lifetime when he beat a queue of prospective buyers to secure a two-bedroom apartment in one of Berlin's most popular districts. Two years on, the 33-year-old's housing dreams have come crashing down after the developer of his new home, Project Immobilien, went bankrupt. Hit by a sudden jump in interest rates and raw material costs, twice as many developers have filed for insolvency over the last year than the previous 12 months.
Like hundreds of homeowners-to-be across the country, Shevchenko found construction of his new home suddenly halted, as workers cleared out of the site where the concrete skeleton of the building stands, with no windows. "From the middle of August, the construction was frozen. The cabinets for the workers here, the crane in the middle, everything moved away, " said Shevchenko at the site, shellshocked by the setback.
With such scenes multiplying across the country, Chancellor Olaf Scholz has called in leading players in the property sector for talks on Monday, with the aim of jump-starting construction. For years, record low interest rates and strong demand had spurred new projects and investment in Germany's property market. But a sharp rise in consumer prices as a consequence of Russia's invasion of Ukraine has forced the European Central Bank to aggressively raise interest rates to curb inflation, drastically pushing up mortgage costs and in turn bringing down property prices as well as profit margins of building projects.
德国房地产行业陷入危机
精听党背景导读
8月6日,多家德国媒体发布报道,称德国房地产和住房建造业已经陷入持久性危机。报道将新建住房不足的原因归咎于建筑成本高昂,使房地产行业无利可图。
根据行业机构的统计和计算,以2023年5月为例,传统新建住宅的建筑成本比2020年初高出36%。这就导致很多住宅开发项目被搁置。联邦住房和房地产公司协会预计2024年仅新建214,000套公寓,而联邦政府的目标是 400,000套。这就会进一步导致德国的住房空间严重不足,加上持续不断的难民涌入,这种情况只会变得更糟糕。
文本选自:The Guardian(卫报)
作者:Unknow
原文标题:Germany’s housing sector slumps into crisis
原文发布时间:24 Sept. 2023
关键词:德国 住房 危机
精听党带着问题听
1. 如何理解段一中的“secure”?
2.“混凝土骨架”用英语可以怎么表达?
3. 多年来,是什么刺激了德国房地产市场的新项目和投资?
精听党选段赏析
标题解读
Germany’s housing sector slumps into crisis
德国房地产行业陷入危机
-
sector n.(尤指商业、贸易等的)部门,行业;
1. manufacturing sector 制造业;
2. banking sector 银行业; -
slump vi.(价格、价值、数量等)骤降,猛跌;惨败,猛跌;(因无力站立而)倒下,倚,靠;
段一
Valeriy Shevchenko felt like he made the purchase of his lifetime when he beat a queue of prospective buyers to secure a two-bedroom apartment in one of Berlin’s most popular districts. Two years on, the 33-year-old’s housing dreams have come crashing down after the developer of his new home, Project Immobilien, went bankrupt. Hit by a sudden jump in interest rates and raw material costs, twice as many developers have filed for insolvency over the last year than the previous 12 months.
-
lifetime n. 一生,终生;寿命,有效期,使用期;
1. of a lifetime 一生最…的;终身难遇的; -
beat vt. 击败,战胜;
1. If you can’t beat them, join them. 如果你不能打败他们,就加入他们。 -
queue n. <英>(人、汽车等的)队,行列;<英>(为得到某机会而等待的)长列,长队;
1. a queue of 一队,一长列; -
prospective adj. 有希望的,潜在的;可能发生的,预期的;
-
secure vt.(尤指经过努力而)获得,得到;
-
years on 多年后;
1. 50 years on, the couple are still devoted to one another. 50 年过去了,这对夫妇彼此仍然深爱着。 -
crash down 朝下猛撞;崩溃;破灭;
-
Immobilien n.(德语)房地产;不动产;
-
bankrupt adj. 破产的,倒闭的;
-
interest rate 利率;
1. The interest rate on my savings account is very low. 我的储蓄账户利率非常低。 -
raw material 原材料;
1. The factory needs to purchase more raw material to increase production. 工厂需要购买更多的原材料来增加生产。 -
file vi. 提起(诉讼),提出(申请);
1. to file for divorce 起诉离婚; -
insolvency n. 破产,无力偿还;倒闭;
参考译文
瓦列里·舍甫琴科(Valeriy Shevchenko)战胜了一群潜在买家,在柏林最受欢迎的地区之一买下了一套两居室公寓,他感觉自己买到了一生中最值得买的东西。两年后,这位33岁男子的住房梦想破灭了,因为他新房地产项目的开发商破产了。受利率和原材料成本突然上涨的影响,去年申请破产的开发商数量是前年的两倍。
段二
Like hundreds of homeowners-to-be across the country, Shevchenko found construction of his new home suddenly halted, as workers cleared out of the site where the concrete skeleton of the building stands, with no windows. “From the middle of August, the construction was frozen. The cabinets for the workers here, the crane in the middle, everything moved away,” said Shevchenko at the site, shellshocked by the setback.
-
homeowner n. 私房屋主;自己拥有住房者;
-
construction n. 建造,建筑;创立,构建;构造,结构;建筑物;
-
halt vi.(使)停止行进;阻止,中断;
-
clear out 清理;整理;
1. I need to clear out my closet and donate some clothes. 我需要清理一下我的衣柜并捐赠一些衣服。 -
concrete adj. 有形的;混凝土的;物质的;
-
skeleton n. 骨骼,骨架;梗概,提纲;
1. concrete skeleton 混凝土骨架; -
frozen adj. 结冰的,冻硬的;(食物)冷冻的,冷藏的;冻结的;
-
cabinet n. 内阁;储藏柜,陈列柜;
-
crane n. 鹤;起重机,吊车;机动升降台架;
-
shellshock vt. 惊慌失措;震惊;
-
setback n. 挫折,阻碍;
参考译文
像全国成百上千的准房主一样,舍甫琴科发现他的新房突然停工了,因为工人们正在清理建筑混凝土框架周围的场地,并且未安装窗户。在现场的舍甫琴科说,“从8月中旬开始,施工就中止了。这里工人的储藏柜,中间的起重机,所有东西都搬走了,”这次挫折使他焦虑得不知所措。
段三
With such scenes multiplying across the country, Chancellor Olaf Scholz has called in leading players in the property sector for talks on Monday, with the aim of jump-starting construction. For years, record low interest rates and strong demand had spurred new projects and investment in Germany’s property market. But a sharp rise in consumer prices as a consequence of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has forced the European Central Bank to aggressively raise interest rates to curb inflation, drastically pushing up mortgage costs and in turn bringing down property prices as well as profit margins of building projects.
-
scene n. 情景;景象;场面;事件;
1. scenes of utter confusion 极端混乱的场面;
2. The peaceful demonstration degenerated into scenes of violence. 和平示威演变成了暴力事件。 -
multiply vi. 大大增加,倍增;乘,乘以;
1. to multiply A by B A乘以B;
2. to multiply A and B (together) 将A与B相乘; -
call in 召集;召回;
-
jump-start vt. 起动;发动;
-
record adj. 创纪录的;
-
spur vt. 激励,鼓励;促进,加速,刺激(某事发生);
1. to cut interest rates to spur demand 降低利率以刺激需求;
2. to spur someone into action 激励某人采取行动; -
invasion n. 侵略,入侵;涌入,大批进入;侵犯,干预;侵袭,扩散;
-
curb vt. 控制,抑制;
1. curb your excessive spending 抑制过度消费;
2. curb inflation 抑制通货膨胀; -
drastically adv.(动作或变化)猛烈地,力度大地 ;极其,非常;
-
push up 突出;突起;增加;提高;向上推;
1. The roots of the tree push up through the soil. 树的根从土壤中突出。 -
mortgage n. 抵押借款;
-
bring down 降低;击落;打倒,打死;
-
profit margins 利润率;
参考译文
随着这类事件在德国各地激增,德国总理奥拉夫·肖尔茨(Olaf Scholz)周一召集了房地产行业的领军企业进行谈判,旨在启动建设。多年来,创纪录的低利率和强劲的需求刺激了德国房地产市场的新项目和投资。但俄罗斯入侵乌克兰导致消费价格大幅上涨,迫使欧洲央行(European Central Bank)大举加息以抑制通胀,从而大幅推高了抵押贷款成本,进而拉低了房地产价格和建筑项目的利润率。
精听党每日单词
-
- sector
/ˈsektər/ n.(尤指商业、贸易等的)部门,行业;
slump
/slʌmp/ vi.(价格、价值、数量等)骤降,猛跌;惨败,猛跌;(因无力站立而)倒下,倚,靠;
lifetime
/ˈlaɪftaɪm/ n. 一生,终生;寿命,有效期,使用期;
beat
/biːt/ vt. 击败,战胜;
queue
/kjuː/ n. <英>(人、汽车等的)队,行列;<英>(为得到某机会而等待的)长列,长队;
prospective
/prəˈspektɪv/ adj. 有希望的,潜在的;可能发生的,预期的;
secure
/sɪˈkjʊr/ vt.(尤指经过努力而)获得,得到;
years on
多年后;
crash down
朝下猛撞;崩溃;破灭;
Immobilien
n.(德语)房地产;不动产;
bankrupt
/ˈbæŋkrʌpt/ adj. 破产的,倒闭的;
interest rate
利率;
raw material
原材料;
file
/faɪl/ vi. 提起(诉讼),提出(申请);
insolvency
/ɪnˈsɑːlvənsi/ n. 破产,无力偿还;倒闭;
homeowner
/ˈhoʊmoʊnər/ n. 私房屋主;自己拥有住房者;
construction
/kənˈstrʌkʃ(ə)n/ n. 建造,建筑;创立,构建;构造,结构;建筑物;
halt
/hɔːlt/ vi.(使)停止行进;阻止,中断;
clear out
清理;整理;
concrete
/ˈkɑːnkriːt/ adj. 有形的;混凝土的;物质的;
skeleton
/ˈskelɪt(ə)n/ n. 骨骼,骨架;梗概,提纲;
frozen
/ˈfroʊz(ə)n/ adj. 结冰的,冻硬的;(食物)冷冻的,冷藏的;冻结的;
cabinet
/ˈkæbɪnət/ n. 内阁;储藏柜,陈列柜;
crane
/kreɪn/ n. 鹤;起重机,吊车;机动升降台架;
shellshock
/ˈʃelʃɑːk/ vt. 惊慌失措;震惊;
setback
/ˈsetbæk/ n. 挫折,阻碍;
scene
/siːn/ n. 情景;景象;场面;事件;
multiply
/ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/ vi. 大大增加,倍增;乘,乘以;
call in
召集;召回;
jump-start
/ˈdʒʌmp stɑːrt/ vt. 起动;发动;
record
/ˈrekərd/ adj. 创纪录的;
spur
/spɜːr/ vt. 激励,鼓励;促进,加速,刺激(某事发生);
invasion
/ɪnˈveɪʒ(ə)n/ n. 侵略,入侵;涌入,大批进入;侵犯,干预;侵袭,扩散;
curb
/kɜːrb/ vt. 控制,抑制;
drastically
/ˈdræstɪkli/ adv.(动作或变化)猛烈地,力度大地 ;极其,非常;
push up
突出;突起;增加;提高;向上推;
mortgage
/ˈmɔːrɡɪdʒ/ n. 抵押借款;
bring down
降低;击落;打倒,打死;
- profit margins
利润率;
精听党文化拓展
21世纪初,德国经济增长面临困境,各个地方政府陆续出售国有住房公司和福利住房,换取资金。
2008年,金融危机重创德国经济。当时的新总理默克尔开展了第二次经济刺激计划,大规模增加政府公共投资,降低企业税负,推动经济增长,德国出现了“再城市化”的迹象。与此同时,美国实行了一轮又一轮的量化宽松政策。美元泛滥下,大量资金无处可去,经济增长的德国自然成为海外资金的宠儿。
2009年,德国房地产度过了低迷期。在此后的几年中,柏林成了德国房地产市场的缩影,政府拥有的住房公寓已经被德国居住房地产集团(Deutsche Wohnen)等大型房地产集团购买,政府逐渐失去了直接调控能力。住房市场开始由地产低迷时的“买方市场”迈入房地产集团主导的“卖方市场”。于是,涨价开始了。
2015年,欧洲难民危机爆发,大量难民涌入欧洲。德国出台欢迎政策(Welcome Policy),仅在2015年,德国便收到了47.7万份的避难申请,2016年更是达到了74.6万份,进一步加剧了住房紧张状况。
2019年4月6日,近3.5万人走上柏林街头,对德国大城市的住房短缺问题提出抗议。此次名为“征收德国居住住房”的倡议是希望对在柏林拥有3000套以上公寓的房地产集团,通过有偿补贴的方式征收其住房,让这些住房重新“社会化”。
2020年疫情来临时,全球资产价格遭受剧烈震荡,唯独德国房地产价格屡创新高。2020年第二季度,第一波疫情最为严重的时候,德国GDP环比下跌9.7%,但是房价环比上涨了2%,同比上涨了6.6%。
When the pandemic hit in 2020, global asset prices were volatile, with German property prices hitting new highs. In the second quarter of 2020, at the height of the first wave of the pandemic, German GDP fell by 9.7% month-on-month, but house prices rose by 2% month-on-month and 6.6% year-on-year.
精听党每日美句
Time doth transfix the flourish set on youth,And delves the parallels in beauty’s brow, Feeds on the rarities of nature’s truth,And nothing stands but for his scythe to mow.
时间把青春的光辉化为生机,在美人的眉头上钻研相似之处,以自然真理的稀有为食,除了他的镰刀割草,什么都没有。
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