兽医专业英语

Hello everyone,welcome to veterinary medical English with VetStar. Want to learn Veterinary Medical English? gain professional knowledge and read industry news? Just follow VetStar. Every morning at 6:30, we will bring you new concepts in veterinary medical English. Today, we will explore 2 medical prefixes. Lets get started.

大家好，欢迎来到VetStar的兽医专业英语课堂.想要学习兽医专业英语、获得专业知识、了解行业新闻？就来关注VetStar！每天早上6:30,我们会给你兽医专业英语的新概念。今天，我们要探讨两个新的医学词缀，让我们开始吧！（点击顶部录音,跟读,学习效果更佳哦。）

Intra-：meaning：in,within

            意为：内部，里面

Pre- ： meaning：before

            意为：之前

Intraoperative (within the operation)  

adj. 手术发生时，手术中

Prepyloric (before the pylorus of the stomach)  

adj. 幽门前的;位于幽门前方的

Our two prefixes we’ll be learning today will be intra and pre.  Intra means in, or within, for example we have the word intraoperative, which means within the operation.  Here is an example sentence:

我们今天要学习的两个前缀是内部和前部。 Intra意味着在内部或里面，比如这个术语intraoperative，意思是手术进行时/手术中。举一个例子：

Intraoperative endoscopy may be helpful if surgery is performed but no lesion is detected.在手术中若没发现病变，此时术中内镜检可能是有帮助的。

So that means an endoscopy being done within the operation.

意思是内窥镜检查在手术中进行时的操作。

Now you might see other words with intra in the books for example, you might see “intraabdominal lesions”, which means lesions within the abdomen, or you might see “Intracardiac shunts”, which are shunts, or openings, within the heart, such as with diseases like PDA or VSD.

现在，您可能会在书中看到其他带intra的单词，例如，您可能会看到“intraabdominal lesions”，这意味着腹腔内的病变，或者您可能会看到心脏内的分流或开口的“Intracardiac shunts”，例如 像PDA或VSD这样的疾病。

Now I want you to think about what this word means: “intracranial”.  Now here’s a hint, cranial means the brain (cranium, to be exact), so you’ll have three seconds to think.  Okay, I think you got it.  So intracranial would mean within the brain.  So you might see words like intracranial lesions.

现在我想让你思考这个词是什么意思：“intracranial”。 现在这里有一个提示，头脑意味着大脑（准确点是颅骨），你有三秒钟思考时间。 好的，我想你想到了。所以intracranial意味着脑内。 所以你可能会看到像颅内病变的这样的词。

Now our second prefix would be pre.  Now this word means before.  You might see the word prepyloric, which means before the pylorus of the stomach.  Now here is an example sentence.

现在我们的第二个前缀是pre。 这个词意味着以前。 你可能会看到这个词prepyloric，意思是胃的幽门前的。 这有一个例句：

An endoscopy could be used to study gastroscopic features and clinical diagnosis of prepyloric membrane.

内窥镜可用于研究胃镜特征及幽门前瓣膜症的临床诊断。

Other words you might see used with pre includes

您可能会看到带pre的其他单词包括：

Preoperative – again, it means BEFORE the surgery, like intraoperative, but this is before.  For example, you might want to use preoperative antibiotics to minimize infection.

Preoperative - 意思是手术之前，又如intraoperative，我们刚提到过它。 例如，您可能希望术前使用抗生素来最大限度地减少感染。

Or you might see the word prediabetes.  Here, you might think it means “before diabetes”, but you’ll have to think about the disease itself, diabetes mellitus.  Prediabetes is defined as a condition in which there is hyperglycemia, but does not meet the definition of diabetes mellitus.  So here, “prediabetes” actually means that the patient does not have diabetes, but may be at a higher risk of developing diabetes in the future, and it doesn’t just literally mean “before diabetes”.  So you’re going to have to think about these words in context.

或者您可能会看到prediabetes这个单词。 在这里，您可能会认为这是“糖尿病之前”，但您必须考虑这个疾病本身，糖尿病。Prediabetes定义为高血糖症状，但不符合糖尿病的定义。 所以在这里，“Prediabetes”实际意思是患者没有糖尿病，但今后可能患糖尿病的风险较高，并不仅仅意味着“糖尿病之前”。 所以你必须在语境中考虑单词的意思。

Now, try this word: preclinical.  Let me give you a hint by giving you a sample sentence:

现在，尝试这个词：preclinical。 让我给你一个提示，一个例句：

“The usefulness of pimobendan in dogs with preclinical heart disease was demonstrated in the 2015 EPIC Study, in that it prolongs the survival time of dogs with chronic mitral valve disease”.  Now here’s another hint: ‘clinical’ refers to clinical signs.   So you’ll have three seconds to think about what preclinical means.

在2015年EPIC研究中证实了匹莫本在临证前期的心脏病犬中的用途，因为它延长了患有慢性二尖瓣疾病狗狗的生存时间。 现在这是另一个提示：“clinical”（临床的）可引用到临床症状。 所以你会有三秒钟来考虑preclinical的意义。

Okay, so preclinical would mean BEFORE clinical signs, so here it means dogs with heart disease that does not yet have clinical signs.  

所以preclinical意思是在临床症状之前（临症前期、潜伏期），所以这里是指狗狗患有心脏病但还没出现临床症状。

That's all for today.Last time we asked what you thought the word intraoperative  meant. Did you get the right answer?

这是今天的内容.我们上次问你 intraoperative 是什么意思？你的回答正确了吗？

Here is something to think about for next time: What do you think the word Extravasation means?Come back tomorrow to find out at VetStar veterinary medical English.

关于下次内容这里有一个供你思考的问题：你认为“Extravasation”这个单词是什么意思？要了解更多VetStar兽医英语内容，欢迎明天回来。

See you next time，have a nice day！

下次见，祝你有愉快的一天！