知识讲解
一、词汇派生
1．greet v．问候，迎接，招呼
→greeter n．(餐馆、商店等处的)门迎，迎宾
→ greeting n．问候，招呼；祝贺
2．stair n．楼梯
→ upstairs adv.在(或向)楼上adj.楼上的
→downstairs adv.在(或向)楼下adj.楼下的
3．load n．某物的量 v．装载
→unload v．卸载
→download v．下载
→overload v．超载
4．fold v．折起
→unfold v．展开
→folding adj.可折叠
5．sculpt v．雕刻，雕塑
→sculptor n．雕刻家，雕塑家
→sculpture n．雕刻品，雕塑品
6．exhibit v．展览
→exhibitor n．参展商
→exhibition n．展出，展览
二、一词多义
1.come up走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；(太阳、月亮等)升起
①A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jason's shoulder fondly.“You're just the boy I am looking for.”(走近)
②As soon as the project came up at the meeting，it attracted many people's attention.(被提出)
③When the moon came up，the young people began their celebration.[(太阳、月亮)升起]
④I planted some seeds in the yard.But they failed to come up.(发芽)
⑤—Alvin，are you coming with us?
—I'd love to，but something unexpected has come up.(发生)
2.look into调查；考察；往里看
①When I look into his eyes，it seems all the problems in the world go away.(往里看)
②Finally the police agreed to look into the accident.(调查)
③He had once looked into buying his own island off Nova Scotia.(考察)
三、知识要点
1.load n．某物的量 vt.装；装载
(教材P38) Now, at the top of these stone stairs...get a load of that!
现在，在这些石阶的顶端……仔细看看那个东西吧！
Knowing that they had arrived safely took a load off my mind.
得知他们平安到达后我如释重负。
The truck was carrying a load of bananas.
这辆卡车装着一车香蕉。
我们把香蕉装上了卡车。
We loaded the truck with bananas.
[知识拓展]
get a load of..注意；仔细看
load...with... 用……装载……
be loaded with... 装载着；充满着
A driver was driving a lorry load of bananas on the way to Guangzhou，where the bananas would be unloaded．The lorry was loaded with not only bananas but also his family's concern.Got a load of the driver.He was a middle-aged man over 60 years old.Even so he loaded the lorry all by himself.
一位司机正驾驶着一辆载满香蕉的货车行驶在开往广州的路上，香蕉将在那里卸货。货车不仅装载着香蕉，还有家人的担心。仔细看一下司机，他是一位六十多岁的中年人。即使如此全车的货都是他一个人装的。
2.imagine vt.想象；设想
It is difficult to imagine a colder place on the earth than Antarctica.
很难想象地球上还有比南极洲更冷的地方。
I was surprised to see the house which I had imagined to be much bigger.
我看见房子时大为惊讶——我原来想象它会大得多。
[造句] 我们无法想象没有水的生活。
We can't imagine life without water.
[知识拓展]
imagine＋sth.想象某事
imagine＋one's doing sth.想象某人做某事
imagine＋that/wh-clause
imagine＋宾语＋（to＋be）＋adj./as＋n./prep.
3.be made of...由……制成
I really can't believe she is made of stone.
我真不敢相信她是石头做的。
Don't handle the vase as if it were made of steel.
别拿着那个花瓶就跟它是钢制的一样。
[造句] 这张课桌是用木头做的，很容易搬动。
The desk is made of wood and is very easy to carry.
[知识拓展]
be made from... 由……制成
be made up of 由……组成
be made into... 把……制成……
Founded in 1995，the Sea Food group was made up of four companies from Norway，Russia，Ukraine and China.It mainly sells food which is made of seafish and other products that are made of what they get from the sea.Their stories have been made into television series.
这家海洋食品集团始建于1995年，由来自挪威、俄罗斯、乌克兰以及中国的四家公司组成。该公司主要销售海鱼做成的食物，以及其他他们从海中获取的东西制成的产品。他们的故事已经被制成电视系列片。
4.a lot修饰比较级
The painting is a lot smaller than you would expect....
这幅画比你想象的要小得多……
Matters are a lot better than ever before.
情况远远比以往好。
[造句]他学习比我努力的多，为我树立了一个好榜样。
He works a lot harder than me and set a good example for me.
[知识拓展]
修饰形容词、副词比较级的常用修饰词有：no，a little，a bit，much，even，still，a lot，a great deal，far，by far，rather，any等。
(1)只用于修饰比较级的：much；still；even
(2)既可以修饰比较级又可以修饰原级的：a little；a bit；rather 等。
(3)even修饰形容词、副词的比较级，以加强比较的语气和程度；通常用much，even，still等表示前者比后者强很多时；通常用far，by far，a lot，a great deal等表示前者在某方面远远地超过后者时；在否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中，修饰形容词、副词的比较级，只能用any来修饰。
5.laugh at sb.嘲笑某人
It is bad manners to laugh at people with disabilities.
嘲笑身体有残疾的人是不礼貌的行为。
Don't just laugh at me and try to put yourself in my shoes.
不要只是嘲笑我，试着站在我的立场想想。
[造句]只要觉得好笑就尽管笑。
Do not hesitate to laugh at anything you find amusing.
[知识拓展]
laughter n．笑声；笑
laugh out 笑出声来
make fun of 取笑
6.pay for...为……付钱；因……受罚[痛苦]
I have had to pay for repairs to the house.
我不得不支付房屋维修费用。
Let's go to see the movie after work and I'll pay for the tickets.
下班后去看电影，我请客。
[造句] 我们现在不得不为过去的懒惰受罚。
We are having to pay for the laziness of past.
[知识拓展]
pay sb.(money) for sth.为……付给某人钱
pay (sb.) back sth. 偿还
pay off 还清(债务)；达到目的，带来好结果
Lin Hui is a hardworking girl.Her parents are planning to pay for her to go to Canada for further education.They think their years of education begins to pay off and believe Lin Hui will pay them back with greater success.
林辉是个努力的女孩，她父母计划出资让她去加拿大深造。他们相信他们多年的教育开始带来了好的结果，并且相信林辉将来会用更大的成就来回报他们。
四、重点句式
1.seem to be doing
(教材P39) One moment she seems to be laughing at me，but then again I catch a sense of sadness in her smile.
一会儿她似乎在嘲笑我，但一会儿我又从她的微笑中感到一丝悲伤。
句式分析：seem to be doing 好像正在做。本句使用了“主语＋seem＋不定式”结构，该句型中的seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语。be doing表示动作正在进行中。
He seems to be giving the impression that he didn't enjoy himself in Paris.
他似乎在给人留下他在巴黎玩得不开心的印象。
He seems to be doing his homework while his mother is preparing supper.
他妈妈在准备晚饭的时候，他好像正在做作业。
[造句] 他好像是啥也没干，事实上他在等待机会。
He seems to be doing nothing，but actually he is just waiting for his chance.
[知识拓展]
(1)主语＋seem ＋ 不定式结构有时态和语态的变化。
seem＋to do/to have done/to be doing，意为“好像要做……/已经做了……/正在做……”。
(2)“主语＋seem＋(to be)＋表语”结构，表语多为名词、形容词、分词、介词短语等，以说明主语的特征或状态，意为“好像……”。
(3)“It seems＋that从句”，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，意为“好像……(用陈述语气)”。
(4)“There＋seems (to be)＋名词”，意为“好像有……”。
2.That's why表语从句
(教材P39) I guess that's why she attracts so many visitors every day.
我想这就是她每天吸引那么多游客的原因吧。
句式分析：本句是that引导宾语从句作guess的宾语；同时宾语从句是主系表结构，其中why引导的是表语从句。That's why ＋ 从句表示“那是……的原因”
That is why we students should learn to make the most of our potential by wisely managing our time.
这就是为什么我们学生应该学会通过合理地管理时间最大限度地利用我们的潜力。
And that is why in this field，I have made recommendations.
为此，我在这方面提出了一系列建议。
[造句] 汤姆今天早晨睡过头了，那是他上班迟到的原因。
Tom overslept this morning，and that is why he was late for work.
[知识拓展]
(1)This/That is because...这是……的原因。
(2)The reason why...is that... ……的原因是……
五、难句分析
1.(教材P38) Her head and arms are missing，but you can imagine her holding her arms up high，celebrating the result of an ancient battle.
[分析] 该句是一个but连接的并列句。前一分句是主系表结构；后一分句是主谓宾结构，后面的celebrating the result of an ancient battle是非谓语动词作伴随状语。
[译文] 她头和胳膊缺失了，但你可以想象得出她高举着手臂，在庆祝一场古代战争的胜利。
2.(教材P39) They really do reach out to us across the centuries as if time itself were nothing.
[分析] 该句是一个主从复合句。主句是主谓宾结构，其中的do用在了动词原形reach的前面表示强调；从句是as if 引导的方式状语从句，从句是用的虚拟语气，所以be动词用了were。
[译文] 虽然好几个世纪过去了，但是它们确实使我们感兴趣并有所触动，仿佛时间本身无关紧要。
3.(教材P39) By the way，if you have enjoyed this live broadcast，subscribe to find out where I am visiting next!
[分析] 该句是一个主从复合句。by the way 是插入语。从句是if 引导的条件状语从句；主句是一个祈使句，其中的where引导的从句作find out的宾语。
[译文] 顺便说一下，如果你喜欢这次直播，请订阅收看，看看我下次去哪儿吧！
巩固练习
一、单词拼写
1.To our sorrow, four soldiers lost their life in the_____ (战斗,战役).
2.The famous painter was invited to paint a_____ (肖像) of the Queen.
3.The museum contains more than 6, 000_____ (当代的) and modern artworks.
4.She found a company to_____ (资助) her through college.
5.Treat yourselves to a glass of_____ (葡萄酒) to help you relax at the end of the day.
6.This material is very thick and this_____ (缝衣针) is not strong enough to go through it.
7.Auguste Rodin is considered as one of the most outstanding_____ (雕刻家，雕塑家) in France.
8.She unlocked the case and carefully lifted out the_____ (花瓶).
9.The girl posted a_____ (自拍照) online and aroused heated discussion.
10.Young women in this village_____ (大部分) have married people of other places.
二、单句语法填空
1.How many _____ ( stair) are there up to the second floor?
2.I had _____ ( bare ) started speaking when he interrupted me.
3.More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for lack _____ space.
4.The truck ,_____ ( load) with bricks , broke down suddenly in the middle of the bridge.
5.These camping chairs are portable because they can _____ ( fold) away and put in the car.
6.As soon as he got out of the car, he went straight into the hall without _____ ( greet) anyone.
7.All the houses in the village are made _____ stone so they are strong enough to resist strong wind.
8.Yunnan Province is famous _____ its warm climate , beautiful scenery and natural rich resources.
9.1 like watching TV and playing football while my brother is fond _____ collecting stamps and coins.
10.All of the people sing high praises _____ the doctors and nurses and extend our deep gratitude to them.
三、语段填词
1.The table is very_____ so you should remove the from the surface of the table.(dirt)
2.As a result of_____ smoking, the _____of his asthma(哮喘) attack is increasing, and he coughs_____ .( frequent)
3.He gave a_____ account of his life as a fighter pilot and he could still_____ remember his life in the army.( vivid)
4.It is announced that over 2 ,00 masterpieces of the painter will be_____ in the_____ .( exhibit)
四、完成句子
1.Don't disturb him.He seems______________.
不要打扰他。他好像正在睡觉。
2.I have finished all my work and________________.
我已经完成了所有工作,现在是时候回家了。
3.My mother likes listening to music while_____________.
我妈妈做家务时喜欢听音乐。
4._______________ Cang Jie created the Chinese writing
system.
据说，中国的汉字是仓颉发明的。
5.The charges were dropped_________________.
这些指控因缺乏足够的证据而被撒销。
五、课文语法填空
Live from the Louvre
六、书面表达
参考答案
一、1.battle 2.portrait3.contemporary 4.sponsor 5.wine 6.needle 7.sculptors 8.vase 9.selfie 10.mostly
二、1.stairs 2.barely 3.of 4.loaded 5.be folded 6.greeting 7.of 8.for 9.of 10.for
三、1.dirty; dirt
2.frequent; frequency; frequently
3.vivid; vividly
4.exhibited; exhibition
四、1.to be sleeping
2.it is time to go home
3.doing housework
4.It is said that
5.for lack of enough evidence
五、1.amazing 2.holding 3.of 4.is protected 5.why 6.to get 7.painted 8.currently 9.it 10.works
六、I am fond of the works of art, which not only broaden my horizon but also make me have a better understanding of art and life.Last weekend, I went to see a wonderful exhibition, where I met a load of outstanding artists, and we greeted each other warmly.At first, I was attracted by a sculpture made of stone.Then another painting called Ben Ма Tu caught my attention, with the horse painted vividly.It is said that it was created by Xu Beihong, who is regarded as one of the greatest contemporary artists.
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