tournament，competition，contest ，race，match，game，championship
通常指为了娱乐或者锻炼、根据某种规则以胜负为主的比赛，既可是体力的，亦可是脑力的。an activity or a sport with rules in which people or teams compete against each other
match 一般指代表队之间的大型公开比赛，尤指球类比赛。a sports event where people or teams compete against each other 比赛；竞赛
•They are playing an important match against Liverpool on Saturday. 星期六他们和利物浦队有一场重要比赛。
championship： a competition to find the best player or team in a particular sport 锦标赛
the National Basketball Association Championship NBA大赛
•He won a silver medal at the European Championships. 他获得了欧洲锦标赛的银牌。
tournament：a sports competition involving a number of teams or players who take part in different games and must leave the competition if they lose. The competition continues until there is only the winner left.
Our team won the championship in the basketball tournament. 我们队在篮球联赛中赢得冠军。
competition 指对力量、技术和能力的比赛
Competition among youths to enter the best colleges is intense.年轻人想进一流大学的竞争是很激烈的。
2)比赛,竞赛;赛会I entered a chess competition and finished third.我参加了象棋比赛名列第三。English speaking composition 英语演讲比赛
contest 多指更正规的竞赛，一般要有评委班子，并要评出几等奖。
如：a beauty contest, a speech contest
A bitter contest developed between the two men for that position.那两个人为得到这一职位展开了激烈的竞争。2).竞赛,比赛He took part in the composition contest and won a prize. 他参加作文比赛并得了奖。
race 速度比赛 通常指短跑比赛，百米赛跑，接力赛等。
What about the sailboat race? 帆船竞赛怎么样？
They doped the horse up and it won the race. 他们给那匹马服用兴奋剂，它赢了比赛。
总而言之，tournament和race侧重于体育比赛，但race还有比喻义，如arms race军备竞赛。competition和contest侧重于体育之外的比赛。