词根 viv,来源于拉丁语 vivere,表示“生命”的意思。感叹词 vive/viva(int.万岁)就来自于这个词根。
survival [sə'vaɪvl]
考研/CET6/TOEFL/IELTS
n.幸存;幸存者;生存
survival 有两种含义,既可以指人或物的“生存,存活”,也可以指“幸存者、残余物”。survival 对应的动词形式为 survive,既可以作及物动词,也可以作不及物动词。如词组“在地震中幸存”,既可以说 survive in the earthquake,也可以说 survive the earthquake。
★ 由前缀+词根+后缀构成,再扩展一下:
surpass vt.超越 surface n.表面 surmount vt.克服
vivid adj.生动的
survive v.幸存;生还
revive vi.重生;唤醒
revival n.复兴;复活
vivisect v.活体解剖(动物)
3)后缀 al,此处为名词后缀,比如:
hospital n.医院
rival n.对手
refusal n.拒绝
★ 变形时刻:survival = sur(超过)+ viv(生命)+ al(名词后缀)= 经过(不幸)后还有生命 → 生存。
★ 高频近义词
existence n.存在;生存
remain n.剩余物;遗迹
remnant n.残余;残存者
★ 高频反义词
extermination n.消灭;根绝
devastation n.毁坏,荒废
extinction n.消失
★ 常用短语
survival rate 存活率
survival training 生存训练
① Companies are struggling for survival in the recession.
各大公司在萧条期中挣扎求生。
② Hopes are fading for the survival of the missing travelers.
失踪的驴友幸存的希望越来越渺茫。
① If you refer to the survival of something or someone, you mean that they manage to continue or exist in spite of difficult circumstances.
② If you refer to the survival of a person or living thing, you mean that they live through a dangerous situation in which it was possible that they might die.
③ The survival is the one that survives.
★ 发音(美式):Felix老师把今天的重点单词给大家读一下,大家练习的时候注意重读、连读、弱读和浊化的地方哈~
extinction [ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn] n.消失
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