八上英语单词用法

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八年级英语上册Unit1-5高频单词、短语考点&用法

一、Unit 1-5词汇高频考点

序号

词汇

词性

词义

考点

01

decide

v.

决定

名词形式:decision

构成短语:decide (not) to do sth.

make a decision to do sth.

02

wonder

v.

想知道

相当于want to know,后面常接名词

(后面如果接句子必须用陈述句语序)

03

bored

adj.

厌倦的

bored表示“(人)感觉厌倦的”,boring表示 “(事物)使人厌倦的,无聊的”

类似的词语:interested—interestingsurprised—surprisingtired—tiringexcited—excitingrelaxed—relaxing

04

enough

adv.

adj.

足够的

形容词/副词+enough

enough+名词 

05

although

conj.

尽管;虽然

表示转折关系

althoughbut不能同时使用

06

once

adv.

一次

两次twice;三次及三次以上为基数词+times” 几次 several times.

07

hardly

adv.

几乎不;几乎没有

hardly表示否定意义,如:I can hardly remember his name.

hard作形容词表示“硬的;困难的”,作副词表示“努力,猛烈”

如:work hard,study hard

08

percent

n.

百分之

无复数形式。百分数表达为基数词+percent+of+名词,谓语动词单复数由名词决定(注意percent不加s)

09

talented

adj.

有天赋的

be talented in (doing) sth.

比较级 more talented

10

both

adj.

/pron.

/adv

两个都

用在be 动词后,行为动词前

Both of ….+名词复数

both…and…  ...和...都(复数谓语)

反义词:neither…nor… ...和...都不(谓语单复数按照就近原则)

11

common

adj.

共同的

have something/nothing in common

12

mind

v.

介意,在乎

mind + n./pron./doing

名词:change one’s mind 改变主意        

句子:Never mind. (不要紧。用于回答对方的道歉。)

Unit 1-5词汇单选题

(   )1.It’s only 19:00. we decide ______ home

       A. going            B. go to          C. not to go         D. not to go to

(   )2.Da Shan speaks Chinese ______ for us to understand.

       A. good enough      B. enough good         C. well enough             D. enough well

(   )3.She looks _______ because she has a _____ vacation. 

       A. relaxed, relaxed       B. relaxing, relaxing         C. relaxed, relaxing     D. relaxing, relaxed 

(   )4. —Excuse me. I wonder _______. 

—Turn left. There’s a supermarket next to the park. 

       A. when I can leave                     B. where I can get some snacks 

       C. how can I play chess                       D. who did you travel with

(   )5.Tara and her sister _______ quiet and they _______ sports.

       A. are both, both like       B. are both, like both       C. both are, both like         D. both are, like both

(   )6. These cinemas have one thing _______. 

       A. common             B. in common          C. commonly           D. on common

(   )7. Please turn on the TV. I _______ what the weather will be like tomorrow.

       A. know       B. wonder       C. hope        D. wait

(   )8. My mother _______ surfs the Internet. She likes watching TV.

       A. doesn’t hardly                  B. hardly never              C. isn’t hardly ever       D. hardly ever

(   )9. In this shop, sixty ______ of the watches ______ from other countries.

       A. percents; are              B. percent; is              C. percents; is              D. percent; are

          

二、Unit 1-5词组高频考点

序号

词组

意义

考点

1

quite a few

相当多;不少

修饰可数名词复数。few “很少,几乎没有”,a few “一些”

2

feel like

①觉得好像是…,给人…的感觉;

②想做某事

①feel like +名词/句子  (感觉像...)

②feel like+名词/代词/动名词  (想...)

3

because of

因为,由于

because of+ 名词/代词/动名词

because+句子

4

too many

太多

too much: 后接不可数名词,意为“太多”

much too: 后接形容词/副词,意为“太”

5

stay up

熬夜;不睡觉

熬夜到很晚 stay up late

6

be good for

对…有好处

be good at (doing) sth. 擅长(做)某事        

be good with (sb.) 与...相处得很好

7

more than

超过

相当于over。反义词组 less than

8

as long as

只要,既然

表示“只要”时,引导条件状语从句,“主将从现”

9

be similar to

相似;相仿

be the same as… 与…相同

10

as…as

和…一样

同级比较,两个as间用形容词或副词原形

否定形式not as…as…或not so…as…

11

bring out the best in sb.

把某人最好的一面激发出来

bring out the worst in... 把...最坏的一面显露出来

12

thanks for

因…而感谢

thanks for (doing) sth.  因某事而感谢你

thank sb. for (doing) sth. 因某事而感谢某人

thanks to...  多亏...

13

watch sb. do sth.

观看某人做某事(事情全过程)

watch sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事(强调动作正在发生)

14

play a role in

在…中发挥作用

play a role in + (doing) sth.

15

come out

发行,出版

物开头,而不是人开头

如:The book came out last year.

16

be famous for

因…而出名

be famous as+职业,身份    作为…有名    

be famous for+原因    因为…而有名

Unit 1-5词组选择题

(   )1. There is _______ junk food here, and it is _______ terrible. 

A. too much, too much                                      B. much too, much too 

      C. too much, much too                                      D. much too, much too

(   )2. We couldn’t see the road clearly ________the heavy snow. 

       A. because                   B. because of                     C. so                             D. though

(   )3.Granny is ill and she doesn't feel like _______.

A. to eat something         B. to eat anything         C. eating something         D. eating anything

(   )4. —Why do you look unhappy, Lucy?

       — I can’t learn math well _______ I always work hard. 

       A. because                     B. and                         C. although                 D.  but

(   )5.He is different ______ his brother, but he is similar _______ his father. 

    A. from, from                     B. to, to                            C. from, to                       D. to, from 

(   )6. Is her lifestyle _______ yours or different?

    A. the same to               B. be the same as             C. the same with            D. the same as

(   )7. She is a new student. Everyone doesn’t know her, so she has _______ friends at school.

       A. a little           B. few          C. quite a few       D. a few    

(   )8. Thanks a lot ______ me so much help. 

       A. to give          B. to giving           C. for give             D. for giving

          

三、Unit 1-5 单元重点语法

单元

考点

Unit 1

1、复合不定代词

1)不定代词+形容词 (如something interesting)

2)不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用单数

3)含any-的不定代词常用在否定或疑问句 (表示请求或建议的疑问句常用some-)

2、一般过去时

1)时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等

2)谓语动词变过去式的规则:

变化规律

例子

1. 通常情况,在词尾加ed

look→looked              visit→visited

2. 以e结尾的动词,在词尾加d

live→lived                use→used

3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变y为i加ed

study→studied          try→tried

4. 以重读闭音节(辅音+元音+辅音)结尾的动词,双写末尾辅音字母,再加ed

stop→stopped         plan→planned

5. 不规则变化(见课本)

go→went                     take→took

                 

Unit 2

频度副词

1)次序:按频率高低always > usually > often > sometimes > seldom > hardly > never

2)频率表达:如once a week, twice a day, four times a year

3)提问:用How often

Unit 3

1、形容词和副词的比较级

1)规律:+ -er  + -r  变y为i,+ er  双写辅音+er  more+多音节词和部分双音节词

⑦不规则变化much/many→more,  good/well→better,  bad/ill→worse

2)比较级修饰词much, far, even , still, a lot, a little, a bit (不可以用very)

3)常用句型结构:A + be +比较级+ than B   (A比B……)

比较级+and +比较级     (越来越......)

               A + Be +the + 比较级+ of the two(A是两个……中较…..的)

               The + 比较级,the +比较级 (越.....就越......)

4)比较级表示最高级含义         

①...形容词/副词的比较级+than+any other+单数名词 

Tom studies better than any other student in her class. 汤姆比他班上的其他任何一个学生学习都好。  

②形容词/副词的比较级+than+the other+复数名词

 Tom studies better than the other students in her class. 汤姆比他班上的其他学生学习都好。

Unit 4

形容词和副词的最高级

1)规律:+ -est  + -r  变y为i,+ est  双写辅音+est

⑤most+多音节词和部分双音节词

⑦不规则变化much/many→most,  good/well→best,  bad/ill→worst

2)用法:表示三者或三者以上的比较

3)常用句型结构:Which/who+be+the+形容词的最高级,A、B or C?

如:Who is the tallest, Tom, Bill or Jim?

A+谓语+the+形容词/副词的最高级+范围(of/in...)

如:John runs fastest in his class.

    John runs fastest of all the students.

4)最高级的特殊用法 

①...one of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词

 China is one of the largest countries all over the world. 中国是世界上最大的国家之一。 

②...the+序数词+形容词的最高级 

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。

                  

Unit 5

1、动词不定式作宾语

1)want, hope, decide, agree ,choose ,would like, plan, fail等动词或短语只能用to do作宾语。 

2)stop, forget, remember, try 等动词后面既可以接to do也可以接doing形式,但意义上有差别:stop to do sth 停下来,去做某事,stop doing sth 停止正在做的某事

forget to do sth 忘记去做...(事情没有做),forget doing sth 忘记做过...(事情已做)

remember to do sth记住去做...(事情没有做) ,remember doing sth记住做过...(事情已做)

try to do sth .尽力、设法做某事,try doing sth.尝试做某事

Unit 1-5 单元重点语法选择题

(   ) 1. — Hi, Mark. I’m new here. Could you tell me _______ about our school?

— Of course, Linda.

       A. something             B. anything                   C. everything                  D. nothing

(   ) 2. — Jack, is there _______ in today’s newspaper?      — No, nothing.

       A. something important       B. important anything       C. anything important        D. important something

(   ) 3. Nobody _______ her because she is not famous.    

       A. know                         B. knew                        C. knows                            D. knowing

(   ) 4. — ______ does your mother go shopping?    — About once a week.

        A. How long                   B. How often             C. How many times              D. How far

(   ) 5. Lisa is_______ than her sister. 

       A. more smarter              B. much smarter             C. much more smart     D. more smart

(   ) 6.Which do you think is _______, my jacket or your jacket?

        A. cheaper                        B. more cheaper           C. the cheapest              D. the cheapest

(   ) 7.I was surprised that she could run ______ I could.

        A. as fast as              B. as faster as             C. so fast than                     D. fast than

(   ) 8.Which is ______, cotton, woods or iron? 

         A. heavier                       B. heaviest                       C. the heaviest                D. the most heavily

(   ) 9. He tries _______ English well. And he practice _______ English every day.

        A. to learn, to speak    B. learning, speaking       C. to learn, speaking    D. learning, to speak

          

四、Unit 1-5 写作话题

Unit 1

关于假期旅行,与日记、书信有关。

Unit 2

谈论业余活动,主要谈论做事情的频率,还涉及了对体育锻炼、饮食的注意事项给出建议等。

Unit 3

以比较做主线,集中说明每一个对象的各种特征,然后逐步比较或对比,有对过去情况的描述,也有对现在情况的描述

Unit 4

谈论某人最…的一些事情、喜好,做比较为话题,常用形容词比较级及最高级形式

Unit 5

谈论喜好,订制计划

Unit1-5 写作技巧

Unit 1

1). 对题目所需要的人称、时间、地点等信息不能遗漏,最后应表达自己的感受。

2). 常用句型:I arrived in/at …yesterday with,    when we got to …,it was raining hard

          First we visited…, then we visited…,  We had a good time. We hope to go there again.

          

Unit 2

1). 开篇点题:如Here are the results of …,  According to a survey…

2). 合理使用频度副词、百分数等,使文章更加有条理。如:Some students seldom or never have breakfast…, Ninety percent of the students do homework every day…等。    

3). 文章结尾,表达自己的观点。如Remember that...is bad for your health, so never....

          

Unit 3

1).运用比较级来写突出文章的条理性,特别注意than的用法。

2)比较级可以加上much, a lot, a little等表示程度,使句子更生动。

          

Unit 4

1). 议论文必须论点、论据和论证三要素。

2).常用句型:There are three.... Of all the three, I like...best.  The...is the+最高级.

          

Unit 5

1)首先,准确采用表达喜欢的形容词,如interesting, boring, exciting等

2)其次,对于表示的表达方式也应该了然,如don’t mind it, can’t stand it, like, love, My favorite…is…等,

3)最后,根据命题要求及所提供的具体信息,对喜好的具体理由进行详细表述。    

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