情况1:看(定语)从句选介词
这种情况下,定语从句的结构一般是不完整的,“介词+关系代词”的结构在从句中充当成分。所以根据从句选介词,即根据定语从句中的动词、名词或者形容词,选择与它们构成固定搭配的介词。
⭕ 根据从句动词选择介词:(常见)
①The girl with whom you work // is his girl friend. [动词work with sb构成短语]
②He is the man on whom I think you can depend. [depend on sb.“依靠某人”]
⭕ 根据从句形容词选择介词:(常见)
①He referred me to some reference books with which I am not familiar with. [形容词短语be familiar with“对...熟悉”]
⭕ 根据从句名词选择介词:(比较少见)
情况2:看先行词选介词:
即所选用的介词与关系词前面先行词构成固定搭配。
①About a thousand species of animals are in danger of extinction, and the rate at which they are being destoryed has increased.
大约成千的动物处于灭种状态,它们正在以日趋增加的趋势受到人类的屠戮。
分析:
the rate (at which they are being destoryed) has increased. 可知,句子主干是“the rate has increased”,at which是对the rate的修饰成分。
= they are being destoryed at this rate.
= the rate // they are being destory at which.
即,先行词the rate在从句中充当at介词后面的宾语,选择which。
=the rateat which they are being destoryed.(可以将at which整个状语的成分提前)
** 将先行词回归定语从句时,如果依旧不满足句子成立,这个时候就需要考虑是不是缺失了先行词前面的介词。(具体下面详细讲述)
②An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanismby which consumer demands can be expressed.
= consumer demands can be expressed by the mechanism.
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