英语学习 | 双语话小年 Xiao Nian

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迎 小 年
迎小年  贺团圆

今儿个农历腊月二十三,小年来了!春节也越来越近了!小年这词儿英文里有好几种说法:有的直接用拼音Xiao Nian,有的按意思翻译成Preliminary Eve,还有直接翻译成Little New Year和Minor New Year的。

Today is the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, the Little Year has arrived! The Spring Festival is getting closer and closer! There are several ways to translate the term “小年” into English: some use the pinyin Xiao Nian directly, others translate it according to its meaning as Preliminary Eve, and still others translate it as Little New Year or Minor New Year.

小年是中国的一个传统节日。在咱们国家的不同地方,小年的具体日子可不一样:今天是腊月二十三,北方人就过小年了,可南方的朋友们得等到腊月二十四才过。不过不管哪天,过年的气氛都是一样的浓厚。热闹的烟火中,都充满了深深的思念。小年有很多习俗,用英文该怎么说呢?咱们一起来学习一下吧!

The Little Year has always been one of the traditional festivals in China. In different regions across the country, the date of the Little Year varies: Today, the 23rd day of the 12th lunar month is the Little Year in the northern regions, while most of the southern regions celebrate the Little Year on the 24th day of the 12th lunar month. However, no matter which day it is, the festive atmosphere is the same. Amidst the lively and bustling smoke, what rises is the deepest affection. There are many customs associated with the Little Year. How do you say this in English? Let’s take a look!

 

Offer sacrifices to Kitchen God

小年最特别的传统就是“祭灶王”,简单来说就是把旧的灶王像烧掉,让“灶王”上天去报告这家人一年来的善行和恶行。大年三十晚上,要在灶台旁边贴上一张新的灶王像,也就是“接灶”。这样,新的一年“灶王爷”就能继续看着并保佑这一家人。人们还会在祭灶的时候给灶王爷摆上各种甜点作为贡品,觉得这样能让灶王爷嘴巴甜一点,上天报告的时候只说好话。

In one of the most distinctive traditions of the Little New Year is the burning of a paper image of the Kitchen God, dispatching the god’s spirit to Heaven to report on the family’s conduct over the past year. The Kitchen God is then welcomed back by to the home through the pasting of a new paper image of him beside the stove. From this vantage point, the Kitchen God will oversee and protect the household for another year. Most of the offerings are sweets of various varieties. It is thought that this will seal the Kitchen God’s mouth and encourage him to only say good things about the family when he ascends to heaven to make his report.

 

House Cleaning

从腊八到小年这段时间,中国大多数家庭都会把家里打扫得干干净净的,准备迎接新的一年。按照中国的老规矩,鬼魂和神仙们在腊月得决定是上天还是留在人间。为了确保他们能及时走人,大家得把家里彻底打扫一遍,从个人卫生到房子的每个角落,连抽屉和碗柜的边边角角都不能放过。

Between Laba Festival, on the eighth day of the last lunar month, and Little New Year, on the twenty-third day, families throughout China undertake a thorough house cleaning, sweeping out the old in preparation for the New Year. According to Chinese folk beliefs, during the last month of the year ghosts and deities must choose either to return to Heaven or to stay on Earth. It is believed that in order to ensure the ghosts and deities’ timely departure people must thoroughly clean both their persons and their dwellings, down to every last drawer and cupboard.

 

Eat Guandong Candy

关东糖是用麦芽、小米熬制而成,是人们在小年吃的传统小吃。

Guandong candy, a sticky treat made out of glutinous millet and sprouted wheat, is a traditional snack that Chinese people eat on the Festival of the Kitchen God.

 

 

Bath and Hair-cut

就像打扫居所一样,洗澡、剪头发同样寓意着去除尘垢辞旧迎新。中国古人相信正月剪头会带来霉运,所以人们常等到农历二月才再次剪发……因此,为了配合春节穿的新衣服,提前理发是非常推荐的。

The ancient Chinese believed that a haircut in the first month of the Lunar New Year would bring bad luck. People usually wait until the second lunar month to have their hair cut again… In order to fit into the new clothes for the festival, a haircut is highly recommended beforehand.

 

Paste Paper-cuts to Windows

过小年时,要把去年春节贴的春联和窗花取下,贴上新的窗花、年画和各种大吉大利的装饰品。东糖是用麦芽、小米熬制而成,是人们在小年吃的传统小吃。

In the Little New Year, old couplets and paper-cuts from the previous Spring Festival are taken down, and new window decorations, New Year’s posters, and auspicious decorations are pasted up.

 

Preparations for Spring Festival

从小年开始,人们就要为过年置办年货了,包括给祖先的贡品、招待客人的用品,还有过年期间一家人的吃食都要提前买好。

People start to stock up necessary provisions for the Spring Festival since the Little New Year. Everything needed to make offerings to the ancestors, entertain guests, and feed the family over the long holiday must be purchased in advance.

 

 

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