前日，商务部鼓励家庭储存生活必需品，我们来看看外媒是如何介绍这一事件的，以及从中可以提取哪些有用信息~
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[语法]第一段只有一句话，很长很长，大家可以找出谓语动词么？首先主语是a statement，后面的from China’s government做a statement的后置定语；urging sb to do and encouraging sb to do两个部分是现在分词作后置定语修饰a statement，之后咱们的谓语动词才出现，就是标红的prompted，宾语就是后面的concerned talk。现在应该比较清晰了，大家再好好理一下这个句子。
注意这里的essential作可数名词，直接表示必需品。看个例句：The flat contained the basic essentials for bachelor life.那套公寓配有单身生活的基本必需品。以及这里的cold snap表示寒潮，寒流：A cold snap is a short period of cold and icy weather. 也可以说是cold spell/wave。例句：Summers are consistently hot and humid, whereas winters are mild, with occasional cold snaps. 夏季持续炎热和潮湿，而冬季则温和，偶尔有寒流。
提到“储存，储备”，这里用到了stock up，也可以直接用stock。stock up后面加on和with也是可以的，即stock up (on or with)。看个例句：Some families stocked their cellars with food and water.有些家庭在地窖里储备了食品和水。Bloomberg的标题也用到了它：China Urges Stocking Up Ahead of Winter, Prompting Worries Online
我们再来看几个外刊的标题：
BBC：China urges families to store basic supplies in case of emergency
Reuters：China urges families to keep stocks of daily necessities ahead of winter
南华：China’s Ministry of Commerce urged local authorities to stabilise food supply and families to stockpile daily necessities
BBC用到了store的动词形式，也表示贮存;储备，也可以说是store away，比如：He's stored away nearly one ton of potatoes.他已经储备了近 1 吨马铃薯。注意stock和store一样，动词和名词同时都可以表示“储备”，来看个例句：I handed over my secret store of chocolate biscuits.我交出了自己偷偷藏起来的巧克力饼干。上面Reuters的标题中就用的是stock的名词形式。
而南华早报用的时候stockpile，这个动词更强调大量贮备，囤积(食品或武器)；If people stockpile things such as food or weapons, they store large quantities of them for future use. 比如：People are stockpiling food for the coming winter.人们正在为即将到来的冬天贮备大量食物。这个词名词也表示相同的意思，看个例句：The two leaders also approved treaties to cut stockpiles of chemical weapons.两位领导人还同意签署削减化学武器储备的几项条约。
那么我们都储备什么东西呢？也就是无论是store, stock, stock up (on)，还是stockpile，它们的宾语是啥呢？无外乎两个，daily necessities和food supplies。其中food supplies也可以写作food items。
[素材积累]商务部发出此轮通知有哪几个原因？
正如这里提到的3个原因：the widening coronavirus outbreak, a forecast cold snap, or even rising tensions with pineapple province。
第一个疫情原因，我们还可以借用sixth tone里的描述，拓展成：With a fresh Covid-19 outbreak that has now spread to at least 11 provinces and regions, there was also speculation whether the ministry’s notice alluded to possible lockdown to contain spread of the virus.
第二个原因极寒天气当然也可以直白地说成extreme weather events。下文也有详细的论述。
关于第三个原因，此处省略一万字。
还有一个原因，就是prevent price surges during the winter months（控价）。大家积累起来。
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drench和flood在这里是平行结构，后者我们之前河南暴雨时讲得十分透彻，大家可以去复习。这里看一下drench，跟flood比起来，drench只是表示“全部浸湿”，比如：They turned fire hoses on the people and drenched them.他们将消防水管对着人们，把他们浇了个透。再看个TE例句：And sweat would drench his shirt as he swerved down roads like the “Grapevine”, north of Los Angeles, with the smell of burning brake pads in his nose. 当他在洛杉矶北部的“葡萄藤”（Grapevine）这样的路段上蜿蜒前行时，汗水浸湿了他的衬衫，他闻到一股刹车片的焦味。
其实drench这个动词还可以变成后缀灵活使用，可以表示“充满”的意思。比如积满雨水的街道可以说是the rain-drenched streets；阳光充足的度假胜地就是sun-drenched resorts。提到“落汤鸡”，或许会想到like a wet/drenched chicken，但是属实是有点中式英文了。落汤鸡的意思也就是从头到尾都湿透了，我们可以直接说I’m drenched,也可以说drenched to the bone。 (to the bone可以当做程度副词来使用，表示影响极强地)
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一个正常的呼吁，却遭到过度解读，于是官方就要来压压大家的焦虑。这里用到的是calm的动词形式，表示使平静，镇静，比如：We have been very clear that we seek to lower the temperature on tensions with Iran, and we think that things have calmed down a bit in recent days. 我们已经非常明确，我们寻求缓和与伊朗的紧张关系，我们认为最近几天事情已经平静了一些。
相同的意思，BBC是这么说的：State media later sought to quell concerns amid reports of panic buying. 用到了quell这个词，也表示镇压;平息，如果是跟某种情感，就可以表示消除，祛除。比如：The Information Minister is trying to quell fears of a looming oil crisis.新闻部长正努力消除民众对一触即发的石油危机的恐惧。再看个TE例句：The governance worries that surround the first fund are unlikely to be quelled by SoftBank’s still-larger stake in the second. 围绕着第一只基金的治理担忧，不太可能因为软银在第二只基金中持有更大股份而得到平息。
路透社是这么说的：The public response forced state media on Tuesday to try to soothe fears and clarify the ministry's statement.这里用的soothe也是个很好的词，表示安抚;抚慰;使平静；If you soothe someone who is angry or upset, you make them feel calmer. 栗子：The news wasn’t enough to soothe the nerves of the high-street banks. 这一消息不足以安抚银行的紧张神经。再来看个经济学人例句：This is because they do not have any apparatus for feeding themselves. In one sense that is a good thing, for it soothes fears about safety. 这是因为它们完全没有摄取食物的器官。某种意义上这也是件好事，因为缓解了人们对安全的担忧。形容词soothing也很好用，比如听起来很舒缓让你很舒服的歌就是soothing music，或者某些人的声音自带舒缓功能，听着就放松了：
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brace for/be braced for是为了...做准备，但是一般多表示为困难或者不好的情况提前做好准备/防范。The market is also braced for the onslaught of ultra-cheap cars. 印度汽车市场还准备好了迎接超低价汽车的猛烈冲击。
[语法]Vegetable prices typically rise （主句）//when the temperature drops（从句里的第一个句子，the temperature是主语，drops是谓语动词） in winter and supply is unable to catch up（从句里的第二个句子，主语是supply，谓语动词是be unable to catch up） with increasing demand before the Lunar New Year holiday.
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表示储存，除了上文那些s开头的词，别忘了这里h开头的hoard。hoard表示“贮存，囤积”，是及物动词，比如：They've begun to hoard food and gasoline and save their money.他们已经存钱并开始贮藏食物和汽油。TE例句：Although the crisis has led to an increase in physical cash held by the public, its pace of circulation has fallen, suggesting people are hoarding rather than spending banknotes. 尽管新冠危机让民众持有的现金增加了，但它的流通速度却下降了，这表明人们都把现金收着，不花出去。
同时，它还是一个名词，有结构in hoards，比如，Gold coins have been found in hoards in many parts of the country. 在这个国家的很多地区都发现了大批埋藏的金币。或者a hoard of表示一大批，a vast hoard of treasure 一大批财宝。
最近双十一，尾款人们来集合，特别喜欢囤货的就可以开玩笑的戏称自己是hoarder：
刚刚看到Reuters又新写了一篇，临时决定再放上来几段，大家一起看，当做复盘了：
BEIJING, Nov 3 (Reuters) - Beijing shoppers stocked up on cabbage, rice and flour for the winter on Wednesday, after the government urged people to keep stores of basic goods in case of emergencies, though it assured them there were sufficient supplies after some panic-buying.
注意这里用到了stock up on和store名词这两个用法，前面都提到过了。
panic-buying恐慌性购买。这就是会造成的后果，不管三七二十一，先去抢空放家里！[科普]恐慌性购买是指因对政策或形势的不确定性或因恐慌而引发的抢购行为。看一个经济学人例句：Lofty standards of public hygiene have certainly helped—initial reports of the disease triggered panic-buying and street brawls over hand-sanitisers and surgical facemasks. 高标准的公共卫生当然起到了一定的作用——高标准的公共卫生当然起到了一定的作用——日本在报告疫情之初，便引发了恐慌性购买，街上人们为了抢购洗手液和外科口罩而大打出手。
The Ministry of Commerce on Monday published a seasonal notice encouraging authorities to do a good job in ensuring food supplies and stable prices ahead of the winter, following a recent spike in the prices of vegetables and a growing outbreak of COVID-19.
spike表示剧增，在这里是名词。同义词太多了，特别是动词：jump, rise, shoot up, climb to, rocket, explode, proliferate等等…表示物价飙升，除了a spike in prices，也可以直接用soaring/skyrocketing来形容，纽约时报就用到了它：Some residents have taken to social media in recent days to complain about the skyrocketing prices.
But the ministry's advice to households to also stock up on daily necessities in case of emergencies prompted confusion, sending some rushing to supermarkets for extra supplies of cooking oil and rice.
A long line formed at the supermarket's cabbage stall, as people bought supplies of the vegetable that is traditionally stored at home and consumed over the winter months. But many residents said there was no need to buy more food than normal. "Where could I stockpile vegetables at home? I get enough for my daily needs," said a Beijing retiree surnamed Shi leaving another Beijing supermarket. Others said they did not expect any shortages, particularly in the capital.
[写作素材]这里的send some rushing to supermarkets也就是准备panic buying了。由此我们可以想到此通知一出所造成的影响：
1. 超市被掏空：可以用panic buying, send some rushing to supermarkets, buying in bulk at the supermarket, 以及empty some of the country’s supermarkets来表示。
2. 线上的情况：“Double Eleven”shopping carts this year include bags of rice。
via Shelly时事英语精读
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