墙体：

(外墙板)砖墙brick wall
砌块墙block wall  
清水砖墙brick wall without plastering
抹灰墙rendered wall  
石膏板墙gypsum board, plaster board
空心砖墙hollow brick wall
承重墙bearing wall
非承重墙non-bearing wall
纵墙longitudinal wall
横墙transverse wall
外墙external (exterior) wall
内墙internal (interior) wall
填充墙filler wall
防火墙fire wall  
窗间墙wall between window
空心墙cavity wall
压顶coping
圈梁gird, girt, girth
玻璃隔断glazed wall  
防潮层damp-proof course (d.p.c)
遮阳板sunshade
阳台balcony  
伸缩缝expansion joint
沉降缝settlement joint
抗震缝seismic joint
复合夹心板sandwich board  
压型单板corrugated single steel plate
外墙板cladding panel
复合板composite panel
轻质隔断light-weight partition
牛腿bracket
砖烟囱brick chimney
勒脚(基座) plinth

屋顶及天棚：

女儿墙parapet
雨蓬canopy
屋脊roof ridge
坡度slope
坡跨比pitch
分水线water-shed  
二毡三油2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic
附加油毡一层extra ply of felt
檐口eave  
挑檐overhanging eave
檐沟eave gutter
平屋面flat roof
坡屋面pitched roof  
雨水管downspout, rain water pipe)(r.w.p)
汇水面积catchment area
泛水flashing  
内排水interior drainage
外排水exterior drainage
滴水drip
屋面排水roof drainage
找平层leveling course
卷材屋面built-up roofing
天棚ceiling
檩条purlin  
屋面板roofing board
天花板ceiling board
防水层water-proof course
检查孔inspection hole
人孔manhole
吊顶suspended ceiling, false ceiling
檐板(窗帘盒) cornice

地面及地沟：

地坪grade  
地面和楼面ground and floor
素土夯实rammed earth
炉渣夯实tamped cinder
填土filled earth  
回填土夯实tamped backfill  
垫层bedding course, blinding
面层covering, finish  
结合层bonding (binding) course
找平层leveling course  
素水泥浆结合层neat cement binding course
混凝土地面concrete floor
水泥地面cement floor  
机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelled concrete floor
水磨石地面terrazzo flooring
马赛克地面mosaic flooring
瓷砖地面ceramic tile flooring
油地毡地面linoleum flooring  
预制水磨石地面precast terrazzo flooring
硬木花地面hard-wood parquet flooring
搁栅joist  
硬木毛地面hard-wood rough flooring
企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring
防酸地面acid-resistant floor  
钢筋混凝土楼板reinforced concrete slab (r.c slab)
乙烯基地面vinyl flooring  
水磨石嵌条divider strip for terrazzo
地面做2％坡floor with 2% slope
集水沟gully
集水口gulley  
排水沟drainage trench
沟盖板trench cover  
活动盖板removable cover plate
集水坑sump pit
孔翻边hole up stand
电缆沟cable trench

砖和瓦：

红砖red brick
粘土砖clay brick  
瓷砖glazed brick (ceramic tile)
防火砖fire brick
空心砖hollow brick
面砖facing brick
地板砖flooring tile
缸砖clinkery brick
马赛克mosaic  
陶粒混凝土ceramsite concrete
琉璃瓦glazed tile
脊瓦ridge tile  
石棉瓦asbestos tile (shingle)  
波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos cement sheet

灰、砂和石：
石膏gypsum
大理石marble
汉白玉white marble
花岗岩granite
碎石crushed stone
毛石rubble  
蛭石vermiculite
珍珠岩pearlite
水磨石terrazzo
卵石cobble
砾石gravel
粗砂course sand
中砂medium sand
细砂fine sand

水泥、砂浆和混凝土：
波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥) portland cement
硅酸盐水泥silicate cement
火山灰水泥pozzolana cement
白水泥white cement
水泥砂浆cement mortar
石灰砂浆lime mortar  
水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) cement-lime mortar
保温砂浆thermal mortar
防水砂浆water-proof mortar
耐酸砂浆acid-resistant mortar
耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistant mortar
沥青砂浆bituminous mortar
纸筋灰paper strip mixed lime mortar
麻刀灰hemp cut lime mortar
灰缝mortar joint
素混凝土plain concrete
钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete
轻质混凝土lightweight concrete
细石混凝土fine aggregate concrete
沥青混凝土asphalt concrete
泡沫混凝土foamed concrete
炉渣混凝土cinder concrete

饰面及粉刷材料：
水刷石granitic plaster
斩假石artificial stone
刷浆lime wash
可赛银casein
大白浆white wash  
麻刀灰打底hemp cuts and lime as base
喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with white wash
分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortar plaster sectioned
板条抹灰lath and plaster

沥青和石棉：

沥青卷材asphalt felt
沥青填料asphalt filler
沥青胶泥asphalt grout  
冷底子油adhesive bitumen primer
沥青玛啼脂asphaltic mastic
沥青麻丝bitumastic oakum
石棉板asbestos sheet
石棉纤维asbestos fiber

木材：
裂缝crack
透裂split
环裂shake
干缩shrinkage
翘曲warping
原木log  
圆木round timber
方木square timber
板材plank
木条batten
板条lath
木板board
红松red pine
白松white pine
落叶松deciduous pine
云杉spruce
柏木cypress
白杨white poplar
桦木birch
冷杉fir
栎木oak
榴木willow
榆木elm
杉木cedar
柚木teak  
樟木camphor wood  
防腐处理的木材preservative-treated lumber
胶合板plywood
三(五)合板3(5)-plywood  
企口板tongued and grooved board
层夹板laminated plank  
胶合层夹木材glue-laminated lumber
纤维板fiber-board
竹子bamboo

金属材料：

黑色金属ferrous metal
圆钢steelbbar  
方钢square steel
扁钢steel strap,flat steel
型钢steel section (shape)
槽钢channel
角钢angle steel  
等边角钢equal-leg angle
不等边角钢unequal-leg angle
工字钢i-beam  
宽翼缘工字钢wide flange i-beam
丁(之)字钢t-bar (z-bar)  
冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed steel shape
热轧hot-rolled
冷轧cold-rolled
冷拉cold-drawn
冷压cold-pressed
合金钢alloy steel
钛合金titanium alloy
不锈钢stainless steel
竹节钢筋corrugated steel bar
变形钢筋deformed bar
光圆钢筋plain round bar
钢板steel plate
薄钢板thin steel plate
低碳钢low carbon steel
冷弯cold bending
钢管steel pipe (tube)
无缝钢管seamless steel pipe
焊接钢管welded steel pipe
黑铁管iron pipe  
镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe
铸铁cast iron
生铁pig iron
熟铁wrought iron  
镀锌铁皮galvanized steel sheet
镀锌铁丝galvanized steel wire
钢丝网steel wire mesh
多孔金属网expanded metal
锰钢managanese steel  
高强度合金钢high strength alloy steel

总说明general specification
工程说明project specification  
采用标准规范目录list of standards and specification adopted
图纸目录list of drawings
平面图plan
局部放大图detail with enlarged scale
……平面示意图schematic plan of...
……平剖面图sectional plan of...
留孔平面图plan of provision of holes
剖面section
纵剖面longitudinal section
横剖面cross (transverse) section
立面elevation
正立面front elevation
透视图perspective drawing
侧立面side elevation
背立面back elevation
详图detail drawings
典型节点typical detail
节点号detail no.
首页front page  
图纸目录及说明list of contents and description
图例legend
示意图diagram
草图sketch
荷载简图load diagram
流程示意图flow diagram
标准图standard drawing
……布置图layout of ...
地形图topographical map
土方工程图earth-work drawing
展开图developed drawing
模板图formwork drawing  
配筋arrangement of reinforcement
表格tables  
工程进度表working schedule  
技术经济指标technical and economical index
建、构筑物一览表list of buildings and structures
编号coding
序列号serial no.
行和栏rows and columns
备注remarks
等级grade
直线straight line
曲线curves
曲折线zigzag line
虚线dotted line
实线solid line
影线hatching line
点划线dot and dash line
轴线axis  
等高线contour line
中心线center line
双曲线hyperbola
抛物线parabola
切线tangent line
尺寸线dimension line
园形round
环形annular
方形square
矩形rectangle  
平行四边形parallelogram
三角形triangle
五角形pentagon
六角形hexagon
八角形octagon
梯形trapezoid
圆圈circle
弓形sagment
扇形sector
球形的spherical
抛物面paraboloid
圆锥形cone  
椭圆形ellipse, oblong
面积area
体积volume
容量capacity
重量weight
质量mass
力force
米meter
厘米centimeter
毫米millimeter
公顷hectate
牛顿/平方米newton/square meter
千克/立方米kilogram/cubic meter
英尺foot
英寸inch
磅pound
吨ton
加仑gallon
千磅kip  
平均尺寸average dimension
变尺寸variable dimension
外形尺寸overall dimension
展开尺寸developed dimension
内径inside diameter
外径outside diameter
净重net weight
毛重gross weight
数量quantity
百分比percentage
净空clearance
净高headroom
净距clear distance
净跨clear span  
截面尺寸sectional dimension
开间bay
进深depth
单跨single span
双跨double span
多跨multi-span
标高elevation, level
绝对标高absolute elevation
设计标高designed elevation
室外地面标高ground elevation
室内地面标高floor elevation  
柱网column grid
坐标coordinate
厂区占地site area
使用面积usable area
辅助面积service area
通道面积passage area
管架pipe rack
管廊pipeline gallery
架空管线overhead pipeline
排水沟drain ditch
集水坑sump pit
喷泉fountain
地漏floor drain
消火栓fire hydrant灭火器fire extinguisher