法医学专业英语

一 绪论

forensic medicine

法医学

forensic pathology

法医病理学

science of medicolegal physical evidence

法医物证学

clinical forensic medicine

临床法医学

forensic toxicology

法医毒理学

forensic toxicological analysis

法医毒物分析

forensic psychiatry

司法精神病学

二 死亡学说

death

死亡

thanatology

死亡学

brain death

脑死亡

heart death

心脏性死亡

lung death

呼吸性死亡

apparent death

假死

euthanasia

安乐死

natural death

自然死

unnatural death

非自然死

suicidal death

自杀死

homicidal death

他杀死

accidental death

意外死

primary cause of death

根本死因

direct cause of death

直接死因

contributory cause of death

辅助死因

inductive cause of death

死亡诱因

combined cause of death

联合死因

三 尸体现象

postmortem phenomena

尸体现象

early postmortem changes

早期死后变化

supravital reaction

超生反应

algor mortis

尸冷

rigor mortis,cadaveric rigidity

尸僵

livor mortis,hypostasis

尸斑

muscular flaccidity

肌肉松弛

parchment-like transformation

皮革样化

postmortem turbidity of cornea

角膜混浊

cadaveric spasm,instantaneous rigor

尸体痉挛

autolysis

自溶

aotodigestion

自家消化

putrefaction

尸体腐败

odor of putrefaction

尸臭

greenish discoloration on cadaver

尸绿

cadaveric circulation

死后循环

putrefactive networks

腐败静脉网

bloated cadaver

巨人观

foaming organ

泡沫器官

postmortem delivery

死后分娩

molded cadaver

霉尸

skeletonized remains

白骨化

mummy

木乃伊

adipocere

尸蜡

tanned cadaver in peat bog

泥炭鞣尸

maceration

浸软

四 机械性损伤

mechanical injury

机械性损伤

abrasion

擦伤

contusion,bruise

挫伤

wound

创

contusion-laceration

挫裂创

tissue bridge

组织间桥

railway line bruise

竹打中空/铁轨样挫伤

crush syndrome

挤压综合征

incised wound

切创

chop wound

砍创

stab wound

刺创

scissoring wound

剪创

hesitation marks or wound

试切创

defense wound

抵抗伤

contusion collar

挫伤轮

grease collar

污垢轮

blast wave injury

冲击波损伤

impact injuries

撞击伤

bumper injury

保险杠损伤

injuries sustained by falling

摔跌伤

injury due to run-over by a car

碾压伤

extension

伸展创

injuries sustained by dragging

拖擦伤

whiplash injury

挥鞭样损伤

diffuse axonal injury，DAI

弥漫性轴索损伤

cerebral contusion

脑挫伤

contrecoup injury

脑对冲伤

coup injury

脑冲击伤

intermediate injury

中间性脑损伤

cerebral concussion

脑震荡

五 机械性窒息

asphyxia

窒息

mechnical asphyxia

机械性窒息

death from hanging

缢死

furrow or groove

缢沟

strangulation

勒死

manual strangulation

扼死

throttling mark

扼痕

death from overlay

挤压死

smothering

捂死

choking

哽死

drowning

溺死

mushroom-like froth

蕈形泡沫

aqueous emphysema

水性肺气肿

Paltauf

溺死斑

sexual asphyxias

性窒息

positional asphyxia

体位性窒息

六 高低温电流损伤

burn injuries/death from burning

烧伤/烧死

scald injuries

烫伤

pugilistic attitude

拳斗姿势

heat rupture

破裂创

heat induced respiratory tract syndrome

热作用呼吸道综合征

extradural heat hematoma

硬脑膜外热血肿

heat stroke

中暑

frostbite/death from exposure to cold

冻伤/冻死

paradoxical undressing

反常脱衣现象

ВИЩНеВСКИЙ

维湿涅夫斯基斑

electrical injury

电击伤/电击死

current mark

电流斑

streaming of nuclear

流水样结构/核流

electric metallization of skin

皮肤金属化

lightning mark

电击纹

ossous pearls

骨珍珠

lightning death

雷击死

lightening syndrome

雷击综合征

lightning mark

雷击纹

七 猝死

sudden death,sudden and unexpected death

猝死

sudden manhood death syndrome,SMDS

青壮年猝死综合征

sudden infant death syndrome,SIDS

婴儿猝死综合征

death from inhibition

抑制死

八 临床法医学

grave bodily injury

重伤

flesh injury

轻伤

slight bodily injury

轻微伤

labour capacity

劳动能力

simulation

诈病

artificial injury

造作伤

artificial disease

造作病

九 中毒

poisoning,intoxication

中毒

poison,toxican

毒物

toxic blood level

中毒血浓度

fatal blood level

致死血浓度

drug abuse

药物滥用

十 亲子鉴定

identification in disputed paternity

亲权鉴定

paternity/parentage testing

父权鉴定

genetic marker

遗传标记

blood group

血型

mitochondrial DNA

线粒体DNA

serum types

血清蛋白型

length polymorphism

长度多态性

minisatellite DNA

小卫星DNA

variable number of tandem repeats

可变数目串联重复序列

microsatellite DNA

微卫星DNA

short tander repeats,STRs

短串联重复序列

sequence polymorphism

序列多态性

DNA fingerprint

DNA指纹

restriction fragment polymorphisms,RFLP

限制性片段长度多态性

PCR

聚合酶链式反应

DNA chip

DNA芯片技术

excluding probability of paternity,EPP

父权排除概率

paternity index,PI

父权指数

relative chance of paternity,RCP

父权相对机会

likelihood,LR

似然率

十一 物证检验

personal identification

个人识别

bloodstrain

血痕

preliminary test

预实验

conclusive test

确证试验

seminal stain

精液斑

prostate specific antigen

前列腺特异性抗原

LDH-X

乳酸脱氢酶-X

十二 医疗纠纷

medical tangle

医疗纠纷

medical malpractice

医疗事故