2月10日，北京2022年冬奥会花样滑冰男子单人滑比赛中，中国选手金博洋创造自由滑个人赛季最高分179.45分，以总分270.43分名列第九。他四年前在平昌冬奥会获得第四名，是中国男单迄今为止的冬奥会最好成绩。
金博洋在比赛中 图源：视觉中国
美国选手陈巍夺冠，另外两名日本选手键山优真和宇野昌磨分获银、铜牌。
American figure skater Nathan Chen claimed the men's singles gold medal at the Beijing Olympic Winter Games here on Thursday, ranking first in both the short program and free skating.
Japan's Yuma Kagiyama, the only other athlete who scored over 200 points in free skating, took silver with a total of 310.05, while his Japanese compatriot Shoma Uno got the bronze with 293.00.
羽生结弦在比赛中 图源：视觉中国
据新华社，日本花滑名将羽生结弦未能完成在正式比赛中呈现史上第一个完整的阿克塞尔四周半（4A）跳跃的夙愿，开场的4A周数不足且落冰时摔倒，但他仍凭借极好的艺术表现力拿到188.06分的自由滑分值，以总分283.21分获得第四名。
Two-time Olympic champion Yuzuru Hanyu, also from Japan, came fourth on 283.21.
羽生结弦对完成4A这个动作的渴望甚至高过金牌。4A到底有多难？羽生结弦又为什么如此执着地想要完成这个动作？
什么是4A？
4A又叫阿克塞尔四周跳。阿克塞尔四周跳是花样滑冰六种跳跃动作中的一种，又称前外点冰跳，由挪威选手阿克塞尔·保尔森在1882年首次完成，是男单6种跳跃中最难的动作。
Figure skating is known for its dashing moves. There is one called the "quad Axel," or "4A," that is widely considered to be the hardest jump in figure skating.
The Axel, also known as the Axel Paulsen jump after its creator, is the most difficult one. It is a type of "edge jump," meaning skaters have to skate on one side of the blade when lifting off the ice.
图源：视觉中国
4A之所以如此难，是因为4A虽然被算作四周跳，但要多半周，实际要转四周半。
与3A相比较，4A的最高点要高了足足17cm，落冰点距离要远了1.1m，为了实现这些成功条件，助滑速度需要提高10%，再加上A跳是唯一一个向前的跳跃，在准备进入转体的时候重心在冰刀的外刃上，在起跳时，冰刀可能会横向打滑，所以让这个跳跃动作成了世界上难度最大的动作。
Derived from the Axel jump, the quad Axel sits at the top when it comes to jump difficulty as it actually requires a skater to complete a quad Axel rotation and an extra half-revolution. Among all the Axel jumps, it has a specific requirement for skaters to jump up while facing forward. So in such cases, there is always an extra half turn that one needs to complete to ensure they land backwards.
据报道，要完成这个动作，选手在空中的转速要达到每秒6圈半，相当于一辆50公里/小时的汽车车轮的转速，也就是说，选手要在0.7秒的时间里完成1620°的旋转。
而当选手落冰时，他受到的冲击力是体重的五倍，如果选手体重57公斤，那么他受到的冲击力将是285公斤。
图源：新华社
羽生结弦在一次采访中曾经这样类比：“像跳远选手，一边跳出个6米左右的距离，同时还要加上身体的转体。”
在2018年平昌冬奥会实现卫冕之后，羽生结弦就把目标锁定在4A。
图源：Vista看天下
为此，他已经努力了近3年。为了跳出4A，羽生本赛季还曾受了伤。当时他在一次自由滑训练中曾经为了完成4A伤了自己的右脚。但即使如此，他依然执着地想要在10日的比赛中完成4A。
The world's top-notch Japanese skater Yuzuru Hanyu has always dreamed of completing this most difficult move. He told media that he will give it another go during the Beijing 2022 Games in his attempt to win his third gold at the Winter Games.
对此，他说：“对于挑战4A这个动作，已经有3年的想法，特别是这两年，在相当多的训练和练习中，也有这样的想法。如果大家都说只有我能做到这个动作的话，我想去完成就是我的使命吧。”
外刊阅读理解
今天，我们一起来读读《纽约时报》在羽生结弦比赛结束后报道的快讯：
Yuzuru Hanyu of Japan entered the Beijing Olympics as the two-time defending gold medalist and Nathan Chen’s chief rival.
羽生结弦是作为两届卫冕金牌得主以及陈巍的主要竞争对手来到北京参加冬奥会的。
Now Hanyu’s incredible reign at the Olympics is over, after a costly mistake in his short program on Tuesday. His free skate score today, 188.06, moved him into first place at the moment but it almost certainly won’t be enough to win him a third gold. If he had won, it would have been the first time in nearly 100 years that a man won three men’s singles golds in a row.
但现在，由于在周二短节目中犯了一个代价高昂的错误，羽生结弦在冬奥会上令人难以置信的统治时期结束了。他今天的自由滑成绩为188.06，使他暂时名列第一，但几乎可以肯定这不足以为他赢得第三枚金牌。如果他赢了的话，那会是近100年来第一次有男子连续获得三枚男单金牌。
He tried a quadruple axel, a jump that has never been landed in competition, but fell. Then he fell again, on his next attempted quad.
他尝试了比赛中从未有过的四周跳，但却摔倒了。然后在在一次尝试四周跳时再次摔倒。
第一，学习defend的用法，作及物动词，可表示to take part in a competition that you won the last time it was held, and try to win it again，争取卫冕[保住]〔头衔等〕，例：The world champion was defending his title. 这位世界冠军在争取卫冕。这个词在文中是现在分词作前置定语，例：the defending champion 卫冕冠军
第二，学习win sb sth的用法。这个词组表示if something, usually something that you do, wins you something, you win it or get it because of that thing，〔某事〕让某人赢得 ……，例：That performance won Hanks an Oscar. 汉克斯凭借在那部影片中的表演赢得了一项奥斯卡奖。
第三，学习in a row的用法。这个词组可表示happening a number of times, one after the other，连续的，同义词为consecutively，常用搭配为4 nights / 3 weeks etc in a row，例：She’s been out four nights in a row. 她连续四个晚上都外出。
长难句：If he had won, it would have been the first time in nearly 100 years that a man won three men’s singles golds in a row.
这个句子是虚拟语气中的虚拟条件句。虚拟语气是说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。虚拟条件句有三种情况：第一，表示与现在事实相反的情况。从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were) 主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do。第二，表示与过去事实相反的情况。从句：If+主语+had+done，主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done。第三，表示与将来事实相反。从句：①if+主语+were to do ②if+主语+should+do ③if +动词过去式（be动词用were），主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do。笔者认为，这里其实应该用第三种为宜，因为作者在说这句话时，赢金牌还是悬而未决之事。目前的写法是表示与过去事实相反的情况，也就是没有赢比赛。
He took deep, long bows to every corner of the arena and bowed again after stepping off the ice. I think he even grabbed some ice and put it up to his forehead. (Hard to see from where I’m sitting in the stands.)
他向赛场的每个角落都深深地鞠了一躬，并在下冰后再度鞠了一躬。我想他甚至抓起一些冰块放到了额头上面。（从我坐在看台上的位置很难看到。）
In his short program Tuesday morning, he shockingly pulled out of his first planned jump, a quad salchow, rotating just once instead of four times, and scoring zero points for the maneuver. So what happened? His skate got caught on a groove in the ice, he said on Japanese television afterward. He jumped with the right form and the right timing, he said, but at that moment, “I was in the hole. It was the hole from the toe jump. So I couldn’t help it.”
在周二早上的短节目中，他令人震惊地未能跳出他的第一个计划当中的跳跃动作，即抛四周跳，他仅旋转一次而不是四次，该动作得分为零。发生了什么事？他后来在日本电视台上说，他的溜冰鞋被冰上的凹槽卡住了。他说，他以正确的姿势和正确的时机起跳，但在那一刻，“我在洞里。这是在用足尖起跳时掉进的洞。所以我没办法。”
Hanyu compared the jump to one at the 2019 world championships, where he under-rotated on a quad salchow but still managed to finish second to Nathan Chen.
羽生结弦将这次跳跃比作在2019年世锦赛上的一次跳跃，当时他在抛四周跳时旋转不足，但仍以第二名的成绩完赛，仅落后于陈巍。
Hanyu injured his ankle in November, but he said that his preparation for the Olympics had gone well.
羽生结弦在去年11月伤了脚踝，但他表示此次备战冬奥会一切顺利。
第一，学习pull out的用法。这个动词短语表示to stop doing or being involved in something, or to make someone do this，（让）脱离；（使）退出，例：McDermott pulled out with an injury at the last minute. 麦克德莫特在最后时刻因伤退出。这里就是表示未能完成。
第二，学习groove的用法。这个词作可数名词，表示a thin line cut into a hard surface，沟，槽，例：The bolt slid easily into the groove. 插销顺畅地滑入凹槽。这个词还有一个用法：be stuck in a groove，表示to do something in the same way for a long time so that it becomes boring，墨守成规，一成不变，例：Our product range was stuck in a groove. 我们的产品线一成不变。
第三，学习sb can’t help (doing) sth的用法。这个词组也可以写作sb can’t help but do sth，表示used to say that someone is unable to change their behaviour or feelings, or to prevent themselves from doing something，某人忍不住做某事，某人不能停止做某事，例：She couldn’t help it if she was being irrational. 她不理智的时候自己也无法控制。这里就是表示无法控制、没有办法。
咱就是说，能不能给这么优秀的柚子一个冰墩墩啊！
到10岁时，他已经成为了远近闻名的“仙台天才小蘑菇”，接受采访时，羽生结弦坚定地说：“我的目标是拿到奥运会金牌。”
2018年2月，他再次夺得平昌冬奥会花样滑冰男子单人滑冠军，成为66年来第一位蝉联冬奥会男单冠军的花样滑冰选手。
It's a jump that involves four-and-a-half rotations in the air and has never been completed on competitive ice, according to the Olympics website.
据奥运会网站介绍，这是一项在空中进行四个半旋转的跳跃动作，从来没有选手在正式比赛中完成过。
Hanyu has described the arduous three-year journey to attempt the risky jump — which would require him to rotate four-and-a-half times in mid-air before landing — as "walking through darkness."
羽生结弦表示，为了尝试这一冒险的4A跳，他经历了长达三年的艰苦训练，他将其描述为“在黑暗中行走”。
细节见人品。这样温柔绅士的男孩子谁不喜欢啊？
talented /'tæləntɪd/ 意为有才华的、有天赋的，用talented 来形容羽生就相当贴切！
羽生结弦是冰上的天才！用央妈的话说：“他拥有着令人艳羡的天赋，付出了超乎寻常的努力，取得了令人无法想象的成就。”
看过他在冰上丝滑表演的人，大概都跟这位网友的想法一样：What a talented being. (多么有才能的人啊)
例句 He's incredibly knowledgeable, talented, like has so many talents. (他学识渊博，才华横溢，多才多艺)
elegant
elegant/'elɪg(ə)nt/ 意为优美的、文雅的。
羽生在赛场上那丝滑连贯的艺术舞步，尽显优雅的冰上舞蹈，将花样滑冰的美展示得淋漓尽致。
正如外国网友所说：He moves through the ice elegantly. This performance is definitely something that we should all remember. (他优雅地穿过冰面。这种表现绝对是我们都应该记住的事情)
同义词还有 graceful /'greɪsfʊl/。这两个词汇皆可以用来形容人的举止姿态优雅，elegant 还能用来形容事物典雅高雅。
例句 She was an elegant and accomplished woman. (她是位优雅的才女) She fancies elegant clothes and jewelry.(她热衷于高雅的时装和珠宝) He admired the graceful, supple movements of the dancers. (他赞扬了舞蹈演员优雅灵巧的舞姿)
captivate
captivate /'kæptɪveɪt/ 意为迷人、有魅力。
有颜有实力，人品还贼好，有奥林匹克的拼搏精神，还尊重对手尊重国旗，让人心动的点羽生都有！
这样有魅力的人，在比赛时简直就是在闪闪发光，如何能不迷人！
例句 The audience was captivated by her performance.(观众们被她的表演吸引住了）
enchant
enchant /ɪn'tʃænt/ 意为迷住，它不像attract 的那种单纯吸引注意力，而是能引起被迷住的人的赞美。
羽生让人着迷的不仅是“翩若惊鸿，婉若游龙”，还有那股不服输、不放弃的韧劲，用绝美的表演和坚韧的意志惊艳了全世界的观众。
外国网友在看了他的表演后也止不住赞叹：The way he moves is very elegant and enchanting. (他移动方式太优雅和迷人了)
enchant 用作动词时，还有施魔法、迷惑的意思。
例句 A city that enchants visitors with an old-world charm and an unpretentious love of good food and festivals. (这个城市散发旧日情怀，载满佳肴及节庆活动，吸引无数游客) you can enchant a building so it's impossible to plot on a map.(你可以给建筑物施一个魔咒，别人就无法在地图上把它标绘出来了)
marvelous
如果让四木我选择一个词去形容羽生的表演，那首选marvelous /'mɑrvələs/，意思是了不起的、不可思议的、非凡的。
羽生在冰上的身影实在太让人难忘。超强的跳跃能力、极佳的柔韧性和风格多变的表演，那就是冰上驰骋的王者！
u1s1，在花滑这方面：He did a marvelous job. (他干得实在太出色了)
marvelous 除了能用来形容表演的精彩，还能直接用来形容伟大的或了不起的人事物。
例句 The marvelous acting compensated for the play's weak script. (本剧的精彩表演弥补了剧本的不足) Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge is a marvelous engineering feat.(南京长江大桥是了不起的工程伟绩)
legendary
legendary /'ledʒ(ə)nd(ə)rɪ/ 意为传奇的、扬名四海的，用它来形容羽生，说他是花滑届的传奇和天降紫微星，也毫不为过。
央妈有句话说得很好：“他没有对手，如果非说要有，只有他自己。”
他精湛的技术和华丽的表演，足以让他傲视群雄。他的过往、风度气度和温度，更足以让他成为花滑史上里程碑式的传奇运动员。
例句 UN chief Ban Ki-moon is describing him as a legendary figure in Asia. (联合国秘书长潘基文称李光耀是亚洲传奇人物) The hill is supposed to be the resting place of the legendary King Lud.(这座山据说是传说中的路德国王休息的地方)
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