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Speaking
RA
1 of 7
There is every reason to believe that effective regulations are not merely a luxury that only the rich can afford,but an important foundation for a thriving private sector and economic growth.But the broad pattern of the past five years has been that the main reform efforts are taking place in rich countries.
2 of 7
The survey found that the statistical chances of someone from a poor background being accepted at one of the country's most respected universities are far lower than those of a student from a wealthy family.This means that the inequalities in society are likely to be passed down from one generation to the next.
3 of 7
Every morning,no matter how late he had been up,my father rose at five thirty,went to his study.wrote for a couple of hours. made us all breakfast. read the paper with my mother and then went back to work for the rest of the morning Many years passed before I realized that he did this for a living.
4 of 7
Although it comes from a remote region in the Himalayas,this plant now looks entirely at home on the banks of English rivers.Brought to the UK in 1839，it quickly escaped,colonising riverbanks and damp woodlands.Now it is spreading across Europe,New Zealand and Canada.In the Himalayas the plant is held in check by various pests, and it grows and reproduces unhindered.
5 of 7
While yellow is considered an optimistic color,people lose their tempers more often in yellow rooms,and babies will cry more.It is the most difficult color for the eye to take in,so it can be overpowering if overused.
6 of 7
Orientalists Orientalists,like many other nineteenth-century thinkers,conceive of humanity either in large collective terms or in abstract generalities. Orientalists are neither interested in nor capable of discussing individuals instead artificial entities predominate. Similarly the age-old distinction between Europe and Asia or Occident and Orient herds beneath very wide labels every possible variety of human plurality reducing it in the process to one or two terminal collective abstraction.
7 of 7
Children as young as 14 months old will spontaneously help others for no reward.But a study of 3 to 5 year olds found that,although they would spontaneously draw pictures,if they were given a reward for drawing pictures,then later they wouldn't make any drawings unless a reward was offered.
RS
1 of 12
Students are not allowed to take journals out of the library.
2 of 12
There are many people in the USA who are critical of their voting system.
3 of 12
Results will be available in the main quad and online.
4 of 12
His academic supervisor called in to see him last night.
5 of 12
The head of department isn't available til Thursday.
6 of 12
The problems facing us today are global,and therefore need global solutions.
7 of 12
In the 1880s,cycling became a major phenomena in Europe.
8 of 12
Please take these up to Mr Mitchell in the chemistry lab.
9 of 12
Modern business has to adapt and be flexible in order to survive.
10 of 12
The mock trial aims to increase interest in the law and the judicial process.
11 of 12
The qualities needed by successful business manager are similar to those needed in sport.
12 of 12
Evidence for clear correlations of brain events and behavioral events are always fascinating.
DI
1 of 4
2 of 4
3 of 4
4 of 4
RL
1 of 1
To begin with how underfunded is UK higher education. The table shows the proportion of gross domestic products spent on institutions by the main OECD countries for the latest year for which we have statistics 2001. It shows that UK spending public and private on higher education institutions was at 1.08%. Well, below the OECD mean of 1.34% of GDP. The table clearly shows that the UK is in the bottom five countries of the 20 in the table in terms of public expenditure on tertiary education. It's spending being proportionately equal to that of ltaly and Mexico at the other end of the table we see that Denmark and Finland allocate most public money to tertiary education spending twice as high a proportion of GDP on it as does the UK.
ASQ
1 of 5
What is used to turn off an electric light？
-Switch
2 of 5
What instrument allows you to see distant objects in space？
-Telescope
3 of 5
What word is used to describe getting a higher position within the same company？
-Promotion
4 of 5
What is the name of the land area containing a college or university？
-Campus
5 of 5
How many years are there in a century？
-100 years
Writing
SWT
1 of 1
One of this year 's Nobel Peace Prize winners is the former US vice-president Al Gore,and he has spent much more time telling us what to fear,and Gore told the world in his Academy Award-winning movie recently to expect five-meter sea-level rises over this century,and Gore agonizes over the accelerated melting of ice in Greenland,and global warming will actually save lives.（66 words）
WE
1 of 1
Some people say that the purpose of education is to create future workers and good members of society.Others would argue that the purpose of education is to enable the individual to lead a fulfilled life What do you see as the purpose of education？Support your point of view with details from your own experiences,observations or reading.
Reading
FIB-RW
1 of 5
"Sustainable job growth"is a motto for many governments,especially in the aftermath of a recession.The problem of job quality is less often addressed and may be seen as（1）job growth. The sentiment any job is better than no job'may resonate with governments as well as people especially in the context of jobs and creating high unemployment However, if the balance between improving the quality of（2）new jobs becomes greatly imbalanced towards the latter, this could increase work stress among （3）and future workers, which in turn has health, economic and social costs. A recent British Academy Policy Center Report on Stress at Work highlights these （4），and describes the context, determinants and consequences of work-related stress in Britain.
答案
1.promoting receding leading hindering
2.developing existing working training
3.current actual potential applied
4.regards concerns differences advantages
2 of 5
Legal deposit for printed books and papers has existed in English law since 1662.It helps to ensure that the nation's published output（and thereby its（1）record and future published heritages）is collected systematically,and as comprehensively as possible, both in order to preserve the material for the use of future generations and to make it available for（2）within the designated legal deposit libraries. These are the British Library, the National Library of Scotland, the National Library of Wales, the Bodleian Library Oxford, the Library of Cambridge University and the Library of Trinity College Dublin. The legal deposit system also has（3）for authors and publishers:Publications deposited with the British Library are made available to users in its various Reading Rooms, are（4）for the benefit of future generations and become part of the national heritage.Publications are recorded in the online catalogue and will remain an essential （5）tool for generations to come.
答案
1.civilian intellectual financial popular
2.readers traders buyers lawyers
3.prices offers tools benefits
4.repaired awarded preserved reworked
5.research management building reading
3 of 5
New technologies are helping cities replace efailing water infrastructure. Piping systems allow polymer-based materials to be inserted into old pipes to repair faults and（1）leaks without having to dig up and lay new pipes. When it comes to managing waste water, new systems are （2）such as Advanced Immobilized Cell Reactor technology, which uses a s system based on the immobilization of bacteria, reducing the power and land area needed for conventional waste water treatment systems. And companies have realized that much can be achieved by re-examining their products at the（3）stage. By designing items that can be more easily picked apart and that use fewer different materials in their construction, companies can increase the ( 4 ) content of what they produce, cutting waste and generating cost-savings by being able to re-use parts and materials.
答案
1.reduce induce protect extend
2.discovering introducing existing emerging
3.original development integral environment
4.disposable repeatable returnable recyclable
4 of 5
A Massey University ecologist has teamed up with a leading wildlife photographer to produce the definitive book on New Zealand's national bird the kiwi. Kiwi:A Natural History was written by Dr Isabel Castro and (1)photographs by Rod Morris. Dr Castro has been working with kiwi (2) 1999，with a focus on their behaviour. 'I've specifically been looking at the sense of smell that kiwi use when foraging, but (3) in their interactions with their environment and other kiwi，she says. They really are a very unique bird.They are a collection of odd characteristics some of them coming from dinosaurs-that have been patched together in a strange way. The book covers all aspects of kiwi from their evolution, prehistory and closest relatives to their feeding and breeding behaviour and current conservation issues，(4) this the perfect introduction for anyone. with an interest in these fascinating birds.This is the second title in a new (5) on New Zealand's wildlife, targeted at a family readership
答案
1. features featuring has featured was featured
2.before back since for
3.also plus again besides
4.made makes making has made
5.set series sequel sequence
5 of 5
A working day for an astronaut could be spent inside or outside the spacecraft.Inside, routine monitoring and maintenance on the craft is (1) out alongside scientific testing and experimentation. This can include investigation of the effects of space (2) on the human body, testing of new products for use in space and research into food production, which will benefit future space generations. Commercial organizations send experiments into space because they want them to (3) under conditions of weightlessness. Work(4)a spacecraft is called extra-vehicular activity（EVA）。An astronaut will either be tethered to his craft or will wear a manned maneuvering unit, a kind of powered backpack. He might be deploying satellites, setting (5) experiments or building space stations.
答案
1.done held taken carried
2.journey trip travel traffic
3.happen research investigate appear
4.on out within outside
5.off up down in
6 of 6
Used in a variety of courses in various disciplines Asking the Right Questions helps students bridge the gap between simply memorizing or blindly accepting information and the greater challenge of critical analysis and synthesis. (1) this concise text teaches students to think critically (2) exploring the components of arguments issues conclusions reasons evidence assumption language and on how to spot fallacies and manipulations and obstacles (3) critical thinking in both written and visual communication. It teaches them (4) to alternative points of view and develop a solid foundation for making personal choices about what to accept and what to reject.
答案
1.for this reason instead specifically in such cases
2.by over into with
3.against for in to
4.how responding their response to respond when responding
FIB-R
1 of 5
Individual humans are relatively powerless creatures it's what we can do as groups that has (1) us to take over the planet. These groupings -corporations religions states are now part of a vast network of (2) information flows. Finding points of resistance where smaller units can (3) up to the waves of information washing round the globe is becoming harder all the time.
meant
stand
interconnected
enabled
included
come
答案：
1 enabled
2 interconnecte
3 come
2 of 5
Since the last papal reform several (1) have been offered to make the Western calendar more useful or (2). Very few reforms have gained official (3). The rather different decimal French Republican calendar was one such official reform, but was repealed shortly after its introduction.
acceptance
proposals
portable
notoriety
regular
addendums
答案：
1 proposals
2 regular
3 acceptance
3 of 5
Sharks killed four people and injured 58 others around the world in 2006 a comparatively dull year for dangerous encounters between the two species. Shark bite numbers （1） steadily over the last century as the human population increased and（2） more time at the seashore, but the numbers have （3） over the past five years as overfishing has （4）the shark population near shore and swimmers have (5) about the risks of wading in certain areas.
grew
spent
stabilized
thinned
learned
swam
horrified
died
答案：
1 grew
2 spent
3 stabilized
4 thinned
5 learned
4 of 5
Michael T. Madigan has published over 110 research papers, has coedited a major （1）on phototrophic bacteria, and has served as chief editor of the （2） Archives of Microbiology. He currently serves on the editorial board of Environmental Microbiology. His nonscientific （3） include tree planting and caring for his dogs and horses. He lives （4）a quiet lake about five miles from the university campus with his wife, Nancy, four shelter dogs and three horses.
beside
treatise
within
interests
expose
journal
undertakings
答案：
1 treatise
2 journal
3 interests
4 beside
5 of 5
No two siblings are the same, not even identical twins. Parents often （1） about why their children are so different from one another. They'll say, “ I （2） them up all the same.” They forget that what （3） our behavior isn't what happens to us but how we （4） what happens to us
determines
raised
puzzle
compensates
brought
suggest
interpret
答案
1 puzzle
2 brought
3 determines
4 interpret
MCS
1 of 2
One of the first things you'll discover as a college student is that writing in college is different from writing in high school. Certainly a lot of what your high school writing teachers taught you will be useful to you as you approach writing in college: you will want to write clearly, to have an interesting and arguable thesis, to construct paragraphs that are coherent and focused, and so on.
Still, many students enter college relying on writing strategies that served them well in high school but that won't serve them well here. Old formulae, such as the five-paragraph theme, aren't sophisticated or flexible enough to provide a sound structure for a college paper. And many of the old tricks - such as using elevated language, or repeating yourself so that you might meet a ten-page requirement - will fail you now.
According to the writer, a student might repeat himself to___
a) write a conclusion for the essay.
b) remind the teacher of what he has written.
c) increase the length of the essay.
d) emphasize the main argument of the essay
2 of 2
The work of scientist and artist alike is the presentation of Form, Pattern, Structure, in material or in mental images. For the work of either to fulfill its end, it must be communicable: the hearer, reader or beholder of the work of art must in the end find coherence and feeling from the images aroused in his own mind, and the verifier of the scientific theory must be able to reproduce in his own mathematics and experiments the measurable facts communicated.
The purpose of the text is to_____
a) point out a societal dependence on both science and art.
b)analyze modern-day artistic styles and scientific experiments.
c)focus on the differences between scientific and artistic work.
d)describe a general parallel between scientific and artistic work
MCM
1 of 1
The steps in the scientific method guide researchers in planning, conducting and interpreting research studies. However, it is important to recognize some of the limitations of such a 'disciplined inquiry' approach. For example, it cannot provide answers to questions that seek to determine what should be done. Some questions are not answerable by research studies because collecting data will not resolve the question, or because the answer is also influenced by personal philosophy, values and ethics.
Secondly, research studies can never capture the full richness of the individuals and sites that they study. Although some research approaches lead to deeper understanding of the research context than others, no approach provides full comprehension of a site and its inhabitants matter how many variables one studies or how long one is immersed in a research context, there will always be other variables and aspects of a context that were not examined. Thus, all research gives us a simplified version of reality, an abstraction from the whole. Thirdly, there are limits to our research technologies. Our data collection instruments and the available theories are primitive in comparison to the instruments and theories of, say, medicine. Our measuring instruments always have some degree of error. The variables we study are often proxies for the real behavior we seek to examine. For example, we use a multiple choice test to assess a person's values.
Finally, educational research is carried out with the cooperation of participants who agree to provide researchers with data. Because researchers deal with human beings, they must consider a number of ethical concerns and responsibilities to the participants. For example, they must shelter participants from real or potential harm. They must inform participants about the nature of the planned research and address the expectations of the participants.
Research studies CANNOT
a)answer complex questions about values.
b)include voluntary human participants.
c)provide exhaustive details about a site and its participants.
d)examine variables in a context.
e)provide measurable data.
RO
1 of 3
1）Once you have done this, you have set the stage for successful reviewing and revising.
2）Get them down, and then later reorganize them in your own words.
3）To be a good listener, you must learn to focus and concentrate on the main points of the lecture.
4）Your main job in taking lecture notes is to be a good listener.
答案： 4321
2 of 3
1) The material has been catalogued, cross-referenced and organized by date.
2) site lists not only his published books and articles but also manuscripts and oral communic-a tions, in a variety of media andincluding reprin-ts and translations.
3) There is, however, no search facility.
4) This site contains a comprehensive listing of the works of Norbert Elias, a German sociologist.
答案： 4213
3 of 3
1) A sea-level rise of 1 meter would put 118 million people at risk.
2) Scientists estimate that a sea rise of only 50 centimeters would increase the number of people at risk to 92 million.
3) This number could increase rapidly if sea levels rose.
4) Today, 46 million people live in areas at risk of flooding.
答案：4321
Listening
SST
1 of 1
The lecture is about different systems of memory. Firstly, implicit memory is called procedural memory which cannot be consciously recalled. It includes cultural and social norms. Secondly, people’s behaviors are automatic, such as using language naturally. Thirdly, explicit memories are highly personal memories relating to time and space, such as remembering birthday. （54words）
MCM
1 of 1
Which of the following were the inspiration for the inventors of the new injection simulation kit?
a)A desire to reduce the amount of medical equipment imported into the country.
b) Promoting accessibility to equipment for medical students.
c) A need to provide something the students could afford.
d) A belief that everyone should know how to properly use injection equipment.
e) Meeting the needs and interests of large nursing education institutions.
答案：BC
MCS
1 of 1
According to this information, exposure to long periods of stress by young children___
a) results in a loss of memories caused by high levels of adrenaline circulating in the brain.
b) leads to appropriate levels of cortisol in the brain being replaced by adrenaline.
c) leads to areas of brain function, not necessary for immediate survival, being shut down.
d) places too much focus on rational thinking at the expense of survival strategies.
e) leads to an increase in the amount of saliva produced, linked to decreased immune system effectiveness.
答案：C
FIB
1 of 3
Speaker 1: Rebuilding carbon-rich agricultural soils is the only real productive, permanent solution to taking excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Speaker 2: She's frustrated that scientists and politicians don't see the same opportunities she sees.
Speaker 1: This year Australia will emit just over 600 million tonnes of carbon. We can sequester 685 million tonnes of carbon by increasing soil carbon by half a percent on only 2% of the farms. If we increased it on all of the farms, we could sequester the whole world's emissions of carbon.
2 of 3
One of the things that people have said about agriculture is that on the whole it's more labour intensive than hunting and gathering, and that's one of the reasons why people have looked to explanations which, you might say, are kind of coercive factors- that people have been forced into agriculture because they had no alternative. That is ultimately what may happen. But at the very beginning it could be that agriculture was developed because people wanted special status foods for feasting; that it was actually a social need. I mean, how much of what we do in our lives is generated by competition with others? And a lot of that is powered by desire for new things, new statuses, new whatever it might be. Respect, recognition also are important. And in small-scale societies a lot of those sorts of factors are generated by the ability to, for instance, throw feasts. One possibility is that some of these foods that were being grown were actually intended especially as feasting foods.
3 of 3
Perhaps you remember the dire predictions from the analysts. The fall off in housing threatened to drag down the entire economy. High energy prices put the kibosh on consumer spending. Runaway inflation was poised to take off. David Wyss is an economist at Standard and Poor's. He says in the end none of those things happened in the final three months of last year.
HCS
1 of 1
a) There's an idea that essentially sleep allows a homeostatic rebalancing between slow wave sleep and day-to-day living. Much like a garden, sleep allows growth in the brain's synapses to occur. With careful attention, we can grow our brain into what might be called"a nicer flower", with crisper, fresher flowers and fruit.
b) Homeostatic sleep needs to be distinguished from the other main form of sleep-slow wave sleep. The two types of sleep have very different impacts on brain development. Homeostatic sleep creates more synapses and connections. Slow wave sleep helps to break down these linkages. The two always work in conjunction, one building and the other pruning brain connections.
c) Sleep allows a readjustment of one's synapses. While people are awake, they are bombarded by experiences that impact on their synapses. Slow wave sleep prunes back unimportant synapses, which are wasteful from an energy usage aspect. but also from an information processing account aspect. Overall sleeping makes our brains work better and more efficiently.
d) Popularly, sleep is seen as a way for the brain to re-balance.But there is little scientific evidence for such a view. The role of sleep has little impact on the longer-term functioning of the brain. It makes as much sense to relate sleep to the improvement of brain function as it does to link sleep to a prettier garden or nicer flowers; the two are simply unrelated.
SMW
1 of 1
You will hear a recording about agriculture.
a) agricultural growth
b) crop yield
c) currency exchange
d) seed failure
HIW
1 of 3
Non-verbal communication refers to all of the messages we send other than the words spoken . It's all the aspects we think of as body language: our gestures, our positioning, the way we walk and how close we stand to others. It also includes our physical expressions, our eye movements, the way we dress and the way we touch others. It even includes the way we say our words, our tone of voice, how loudly we speak, how clearly we speak and special intonations like sarcasm, mocking or sounding completely bored.
答案：
spoken --themselves
positioning --posture
physical --facial
clearly --quickly
completely --absolutely
2 of 3
Consumers, of course,are also keeping an eye on profits, especially at the gas pump. When gasoline topped $3 a gallon last year, many drivers lost their enthusiasm for SUVs and started paying renewed attention to MPG. Another question mark for the industrial is whether consumers and policymakers will maintain that focus on fuel efficiency, with gas prices in much of the world now closer to $2 a gallon.
答案：
profits --prices
industrial --industry
world --country
3 of 3
Our directorate 's experience of the play, Shakespeare and theatre in general is second to none amongst drama school practitioners. The first week of the referral process was spent in discussion of the background and subtleties of each character, where they came from, their family, their social standing . We then put each character into something called hot-seating which I'm sure you're familiar with. This is a protest in which every other actor was able to ask ou character a question and we answer it from our character's point of view.
答案：
directorate --director
referral --rehearsal
standing --status
protest --process
WFD
1 of 3
The sociology department is highly regarded worldwide.
2 of 3
She used to be the editor of the student newspaper.
3 of 3
The placement test for mathematics and statistics is offered every
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