关于“万圣节”
你究竟知道多少呢？
万圣节又称“鬼节”
是一年当中最“闹鬼”的一夜
但是你知道吗？
“万圣节”其实是每年的11月1日
在苏格兰和加拿大的某些区域
万圣节被称为“All Hallow Mas”
而最热闹的10月31日
也就是我们常说的“Halloween”
指的是“万圣夜”
只不过我们习惯把它说成“万圣节”罢了
就像平安夜&圣诞节一样
-
万圣节：Halloween
-
南瓜：Pumpkin
-
糖果：Candy
-
妖精：Goblin
-
骨头：Bones
-
巫婆：Witch
-
巫师：Warlock
-
女巫：Witch
-
鬼 – Ghost
-
吸血鬼 – Vampire
-
狼人 – Werewolf
-
怪物 – Monster
-
万圣节服装：Halloween costume
-
骷髅：Skeleton
-
僵尸 – Zombie
-
干尸 – Mummy
-
蝙蝠：Bat
-
面具：Mask
-
死神：Grim Reaper
-
蜘蛛网：Spider web
-
Trick or treat
不招待，就使坏
-
The child screamed when it confronted the man in the halloween costume.
当面对那个穿万圣节服装的人时孩子尖叫起来。
-
Older boys put us up to pointing the statue red on Halloween.
年纪大的男孩指挥我们在万圣节前夕将雕像漆红。
-
The jack-o-lantern is the symbol of Halloween.
“空心南瓜灯”是万圣节的象征。
-
Children would make Halloween decorations, all kinds of orange-paper jack-o-lanterns。
孩子们会制作万圣节的装饰品：各种各样桔黄色的南瓜灯。
-
On the eve of All Hallows, Oct. 31,
在万圣节的前夜，10月31日。
-
Few holidays tap into the American psyche so close- ly as Halloween.
与美国人心理最接近的节日莫过于万圣节前夜。
-
People use me to make a jack-o-lantern on Halloween.
人们在万圣节时用我制作“鬼火”。
虽然是西方的传统节日，但热热闹闹的氛围让大人和小孩都期待不已。接下来请跟着小编在外刊里了解一下万圣节多姿多彩的活动吧！文末有阅读理解和语法填空的小练习哦~看完别忘了检查一下自己的学习成果！
文章来源：https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/uk-now/read-uk/halloween
本文可作为以下版本单元的拓展阅读材料。
新人教必修二Unit 4 History and Traditions；
新人教必修三Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations；
新人教必修三Unit 3 Diverse Cultures；
新外研必修二Unit 2 Let’s Celebrate；
新北师必修一Unit 3 Celebrations；
新译林必修二Unit 3 Festivals and Customs
In October many shop windows in Britain turn orange and black, with pumpkins (南瓜), witches (女巫), broomsticks and cats. What do young people do to celebrate Halloween? Read this article to find out.
10月，英国许多商店的橱窗装潢变成了橙色和黑色，摆满了南瓜、女巫、扫帚和猫。年轻人会怎么庆祝万圣节呢？阅读这篇文章，找出答案。
broomstick n 长柄扫帚（broom 扫帚 + stick 木棍）
Flying witches, pumpkin lanterns (灯笼), trick or treat … What do you know about Halloween? Here are some Halloween facts to get started.
飞天女巫，南瓜灯，不给糖就捣蛋……你对万圣节了解多少？文章开始，我们先来了解一些关于万圣节的事实真相。
• Halloween is celebrated on 31 October. This isn’t a public holiday in Britain.
• Halloween is the night before the Catholic (天主教的) festival of All Saints (圣人) and the pagan (异教徒) Celtic (凯尔特人的) festival of Samhain (1 November).
万圣节是每年的10月31日，而这一天并不是英国的公共假日。
万圣节是天主教诸圣节和异教徒凯尔特人死神节（11月1日）的前夕。
• Halloween is also sometimes called All Hallows’ Eve or All Hallowtide and can also be written Hallowe’en.
• Halloween colours are orange and black. Orange is related to harvests because the end of October is the end of the harvest. Black is related to death.
万圣节有时也被称为万圣节前夜，可以写作All Hallows’ Eve 或是 All Hallowtide，也可以写作Hallowe’en。
万圣节的颜色是橙色和黑色。十月底是丰收时节的结束，因此橙色象征着丰收。黑色则象征着死亡。
In the UK Halloween traditions are very much alive and popular, especially amongst kids and teenagers. We look at some of the most common.
在英国，万圣节的传统流传至今，并且十分受人欢迎，尤其是在儿童和青少年中。我们来了解一下最常见的一些万圣节传统。
amongst prep 在……之中（= among）
These are pumpkins with the inside removed and eyes, mouth and a nose cut into one side. A candle is placed inside the empty pumpkin and the light creates a scary face effect. In the past people used potatoes or turnips (芜菁；萝卜) to make lanterns but nowadays pumpkins are more popular.
南瓜的内部被掏空，人们在一边切出眼睛、嘴巴和鼻子。在空南瓜里放上蜡烛，灯光会使南瓜灯呈现出一种可怕的脸部效果。过去人们用土豆或萝卜做灯笼，但现在南瓜更受欢迎。
scary adj 恐怖的；吓人的（近 frightening）
They are easier to cut and you can buy them in supermarkets. People use pumpkin lanterns to decorate their homes at Halloween. Do people actually eat their pumpkins? Yes, they do! Pumpkin soup and pumpkin curry (咖喱) are very popular meals at this time of year.
它们更容易切割，并且在超市就可以买到。人们在万圣节用南瓜灯装饰他们的家。人们真的会吃这些南瓜吗？是的，他们会的！南瓜汤和南瓜咖喱是一年中这个时候非常受欢迎的食物。
decorate v 装饰
at this time of year 每年的这个时候
To play this game, lots of apples are placed in a large tub (桶) or bowl of water. The competitors have to take a bite from one of the apples without using their hands. To make this more difficult, the competitors have their eyes covered with a scarf. You are not allowed to use the sides of the bowl to help you bite the apple. This game often involves getting very wet so it’s a good idea to bring a towel!
为了玩这个游戏，人们会准备一大桶水或是一碗水，然后把苹果放到里面。参赛者必须在不用手的情况下在其中一个苹果上咬一口。为了增加比赛的难度，参赛者需要用围巾蒙住眼睛。你不可以用碗的边缘来帮你咬苹果。这种游戏通常会弄得浑身湿透，所以带条毛巾是个好主意！
competitor n 参赛者（compete 竞争 + -itor）
[同族词：compete, competence, competition, competitive]
involve doing sth 包含/需要做某事
Apple bobbing may be related to the ancient Roman festival of remembering the dead, which was also in October. The Romans remembered the goddess of trees and fruit, called Pomona. When they came to the UK, about 2,000 years ago, they continued with this tradition.
“咬苹果”游戏可能与同样在10月举行的古罗马祭奠死者的节日有关。罗马人纪念果树女神波摩娜。大约2,000年前，他们来到英国时，把这一传统延续了下来。
continue (with) / maintain a tradition 保持传统
People of all ages dress up on Halloween. The most popular fancy dress costumes include witches, vampires, ghosts, skeletons (骷髅), zombies and monsters. You can buy a costume from a shop or you can make your own one at home. It’s easy to make a ghost costume from an old white sheet or wear black clothes to look like a witch.
各个年龄段的人都会在万圣节盛装打扮。最流行的化装服装包括女巫、吸血鬼、幽灵、骷髅、僵尸和怪物。你可以从商店买一套服装，也可以在家里自己做一套。用旧的白床单做一套幽灵服装，或是穿一件黑色衣服让自己看起来像个女巫是很容易的。
You can even paint “blood” dripping (滴下) from your mouth using bright red tomato ketchup (番茄酱) to look like a vampire! What would you choose? Rachel, 14, from Liverpool says, “If you go trick or treating it’s best to dress up as a witch. You don’t need a bag for the sweets – you can just use your witch’s hat!”
你甚至可以把番茄酱当作“血”，从嘴里滴出来，就像一个吸血鬼一样！你会选择哪种装扮呢？来自利物浦的14岁的瑞秋说：“如果你要去玩‘不给糖就捣蛋’，最好打扮成女巫。这样的话你就不需要一个装糖果的袋子——用你女巫的帽子就可以了！”
Children dress up and then visit the houses in their neighbourhood asking for a “trick or treat”. The neighbour gives them sweets or money as a “treat”. If there is no treat, the children play a trick on the neighbour, for example they might throw soap at the window. Some people think that playing tricks is unkind but luckily there is nearly always a treat.
孩子们装扮好，然后去附近的邻居家，要求“不给糖就捣蛋”。邻居会给他们糖果或钱作为“款待”。如果没有款待，孩子们就会捉弄邻居，比如他们可能会向窗户扔肥皂。有些人认为捉弄人是不友好的，但幸运的是，孩子们几乎每次都能受到款待。
This custom is imported from the USA and is more popular with young people than with adults. The police in some parts of Britain give out “No trick or treat, please!” posters for people to display on their door if they don’t want to join in. Young children usually go trick or treating with parents or an older brother or sister.
这种习俗是从美国传入的，相比成年人，在年轻人中更受欢迎。英国一些地方的警察会给人们分发“请不要不给糖就捣蛋！”的海报，如果人们不想加入，可以在门上贴上海报。小孩子们通常会和父母或哥哥姐姐们一起玩不给糖就捣蛋的游戏。
import … from 从……传入……
give out 分发；散发
display v 展示；展出
If you are in Sheffield, in the north of England, at the end of October you can go to Fright Night. What is Fright Night? People in Sheffield say it’s “Britain’s Biggest Halloween Party” and it attracts about 40,000 people each year.
如果你在英格兰北部的谢菲尔德，十月底你可以参加“惊魂之夜”。什么是“惊魂之夜”？谢菲尔德的人们说这是“英国最大的万圣节派对”，每年吸引大约4万人。
There are activities for kids, teenagers and adults including a fancy dress catwalk, urban dance, a monster in the fountain and a zombie garden, as well as the traditional apple bobbing and a competition for the best pumpkin lantern. If you don’t have a big Halloween party in your area, some people have parties at home or at youth clubs where they dress up and play scary games or tell ghost stories.
这里有适合儿童、青少年和成年人的各种活动，包括花式时装走秀、城市舞蹈、喷泉中的怪物和僵尸花园，以及传统的咬苹果和最佳南瓜灯竞赛。如果你所在的地区没有大型万圣节派对，有些人会在家里或青年俱乐部举办派对，大家会盛装出席，玩恐怖游戏或讲鬼故事。
catwalk n 时装表演台 (cat + walk)
Not in the mood for a Halloween party? Older teenagers that aren’t helping their younger sisters and brothers to trick or treat sometimes watch a scary film with friends either at home or at the cinema. Any film with the words “Halloween”, “Vampire”, “Dead” or “Zombie” in the title is probably going to be quite scary.
没心情参加万圣节派对吗？没有帮助弟弟妹妹玩“不给糖就捣蛋”游戏的年龄较大的青少年有时会和朋友们一起在家里或电影院看恐怖电影。任何片名中带有“万圣节”、“吸血鬼”、“死亡”或“僵尸”字样的电影都可能会相当吓人。
be / feel in the mood for sth 有心情做某事
In the UK films are divided into categories depending on whether they are for children, teens or adults. “U” films are suitable for all ages, “15” films are for people aged 15 or over and “18” films are for adults only. Many cinemas in the UK show old black-and-white, classic horror films such as Psycho on the night of 31 October. Interestingly, you needed to be over 18 to see Psycho at the cinema in 1960. Now, though, the film has a “15” rating.
在英国，电影按照儿童、青少年和成人，被分为不同的种类。“U类影片”适合所有年龄层观看，“15岁可看影片”适合15岁及以上人群观看，“18岁可看影片”只适合成年人观看。英国许多电影院会在10月31日晚上放映经典黑白老恐怖电影，例如《惊魂记》。有趣的是，1960年在电影院看《惊魂记》的观众需要年满18岁。不过，现在这部电影的评级是“15岁可看影片”。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Halloween 1. (celebrate) on 31 October. In October many shop windows in Britain turn orange and black. They are the colours of Halloween. Orange is related to harvests, and black is related to 2. (die).
In the UK Halloween traditions are very much alive and popular, such as making Pumpkin lanterns, apple bobbing, and going trick or 3. (treat). Apple bobbing may be related to the ancient Roman festival of remembering the dead, 4. was also in October. Children dress 5. and visit the houses in their neighbourhood asking for a “trick or treat”. This custom is imported from the USA and is more popular with young people than with 6. (adult). Some people think that playing tricks is unkind but 7. (lucky) there is nearly always a treat.
In addition, to attend Halloween parties, you can buy fancy dress costumes from a shop or can make your own one at home. It’s easy 8. (make) a ghost costume from an old white sheet or wear black clothes to look like a witch. If you are not in the mood 9. a Halloween party, you can watch a 10. (scare) film with friends either at home or at the cinema.
查看答案
声明：本文由高中英语研究中心公众号(ID:EnglishResearch)综合维克多及网络而成，如有侵权请联系删除；转载请注明完整版出处。
