导读:相信很多小伙伴都看过《鬼吹灯》系列小说和影视作品,胡八一带领的团队深入九层妖塔、云南虫谷等玄妙的墓穴,非常精彩。这些人号称摸金校尉,其实就是盗墓贼。这个神秘的非法职业看似离我们很远,其实对我们的文物造成了巨大伤害。今年《经济学人》-中国板块有一篇文章对这些盗墓贼以及中国文物保护情况此进行了分析,很有意思,我们再次拿来节选前两段来精读学习。
原文
China's tomb raiders are growing more professional
The government is digging deep to stop them
①BY DAY MR WEI sold pancakes in Shaanxi, a northern province. By night he led a gang of grave robbers who tunnelled under an ancient temple near his shop. ②It took 11 months for them to reach the treasures buried beneath, which included gold statues of the Buddha and the bones of illustrious monks. ③Mr Wei and his cronies went on to dig several more passages from restaurants that they opened in the vicinity of shrines and pagodas. ④Over five years the looting earned them 12m yuan ($1.8m). ⑤ Last year Mr Wei was sentenced to 15 years in prison. ⑥It was the second time that tomb raiding had landed him behind bars.
①China is redoubling efforts to catch grave robbers.②Last year authorities arrested 2,400 such thieves and retrieved over 31,000 lost or stolen items, almost three times the number reclaimed during the previous year.③The government agency responsible for protecting relics says it is in the midst of a 12-month crackdown on tomb raiders that involves more investment in staff and equipment.④Punishments are growing more severe.⑤In 2017 a man convicted of leading a gang of 200 grave robbers was put to death.
China's tomb raiders are growing more professional
中国的盗墓贼变得越来越专业
主标题指出了本文的主角:tomb raiders(盗墓贼)。
相信有不少小伙伴都喜欢看《鬼吹灯》系列电视剧,其中能通天的胡八一就是这里的tomb raiders(盗墓贼),说到盗墓贼,他还有一个很酷的名字摸金校尉,其实就是盗窃古人墓葬中的财宝为职业的人。
tomb,尤指(重要人物的)坟墓,陵墓。还有一个词grave,也可替换。
raider,这个词的名词原形为raid,表示抢劫;打劫。
举个例子:
Millions of dollars were stolen in a bank raid last night.
昨晚一家银行被劫走数百万美元。
这里raider,表示抢劫者,打劫的人。
The government is digging deep to stop them
政府正在全力打击盗墓贼
副标题指出了政府打击的决心。
digging deep to,dig好理解挖出,掘出,后面在加一个 deep to,往深里挖。引申可表示挖空心思做某事,尽全力做某事,来看看英文释义:make an effort with all of your resources.
《经济学人》2014年1月,讲到可再生能源对气候变化的重要性时,提到:
The high cost of renewable generators obstructs efforts to tackle climate change, even when governments dig deep to fund them.
可再生能源发电机的高昂成本阻碍了应对气候变化的努力,即使各国政府全力为其提供资金。
精读第一段
第一段以故事人物为切入点,指出盗墓活动的猖獗。
第一句介绍了一个盗墓贼的一天。
①BY DAY MR WEI sold pancakes in Shaanxi, a northern province. By night he led a gang of grave robbers who tunnelled under an ancient temple near his shop.
白天,魏某在陕西卖烧饼。夜晚,他带着一帮盗墓贼,在他店铺附近的古寺庙下面挖地道。
主人公:魏某。
BY DAY-白天干的事儿:
职业:sold pancakes(卖烧饼)。
地点:陕西。
By night-晚上干的事儿:
led a gang of grave robbers-带一帮盗墓贼
gang,表示一帮,帮派,团伙,强调的是行为恶劣,比如a gang of armed robbers武装抢劫团伙。
grave robbers-盗墓贼,替换了标题中的tomb raiders.
带领这些盗墓贼干什么呢?定语从句给出了答案:
tunnelled under an ancient temple near his shop-在他店铺附近的古寺庙下面挖地道。
tunnel,常用名词,表示地道、隧道,也可以做动词,指开凿隧道;挖地道。比如:tunnel a route through the mountain. 挖一条穿山隧道。
第二句指出了这个盗墓贼寻宝的成果。
②It took 11 months for them to reach the treasures buried beneath, which included gold statues of the Buddha and the bones of illustrious monks.
他们用了11个月找到埋藏在地下的宝藏,包括黄金佛像和舍利子等。
reach the treasures buried beneath(找到埋藏在下面的宝藏)用了11个月。
treasures,表示财宝;珍宝。这个词变形treasury,The Treasury.常常指财政部。也可以作动词表示珍爱;珍惜;珍藏。
举个例子:
I will always treasure those memories of my dad.
我会一直珍藏对爸爸的回忆。
buried beneath 修饰treasures.
bury,动词表示埋,掩埋。
beneath是副词,表示在…下面、下方。
之后的which定语从句,介绍了底下宝藏的情况。
1.gold statues of the Buddha-黄金佛像
Buddha,发音/ˈbʊd.ə/,表示佛像,知道就好。
2.bones of illustrious monks-舍利子
illustrious表示著名的;卓越的。和outstanding, eminent等同义。
《经济学人》2017年对日本两家公司隐私保护的问题进行分析时,指出:
Two more illustrious Japanese firms admit to falsifying data.
另外两家声名显赫的日本公司承认伪造了数据。
monks,表示僧侣、和尚。
文中直译就是著名僧侣的骨头。对应有一个宗教专业说法叫做舍利子(梵语),泛指佛、高僧的遗骨。
第三句指出了魏某团伙挖地道情况。
③Mr Wei and his cronies went on to dig several more passages from restaurants that they opened in the vicinity of shrines and pagodas.
魏某和他的同伙从一家餐馆挖通了多条通道,这家餐馆就开在一些古庙和宝塔附近。
crony,表示亲朋好友,亲信,密友。
shrines and pagodas,指的是神龛和宝塔。
vicinity,做名词,表示周围地区;邻近地区;附近。用法常和in the vicinity在一起。
举个例子:
There are several hotels in the vicinity of the station.
就在车站附近有好几家旅馆。
最后三句交代了这个盗墓团伙受到法律制裁的情况。
④Over five years the looting earned them 12m yuan ($1.8m). ⑤Last year Mr Wei was sentenced to 15 years in prison.⑥ It was the second time that tomb raiding had landed him behind bars.
魏某及其同伙5年来通过盗墓获利1200万元。去年,魏某获刑15年。这是他第二次因盗墓锒铛入狱。
第五句指出了盗墓获利情况。
the looting earned them 12m yuan-获利1200万元。
looting,做名词,表示(暴力事件中发生的)抢劫,洗劫。用来替代前文说的raider,robber.
来看看去年美国暴徒攻占国会山后,华盛顿市政府官网的标题:
在华盛顿的骚乱中,支持特朗普的抗议者洗劫了国会大厦
rampage在这里表示骚乱,胡作非为。
第六和第七句交代了判刑结果。
was sentenced to 15 years in prison-被判15年。
sentence,表示判决;宣判;判刑。
举个例子:
The drug dealer was sentenced to death.
这名毒贩被判处死刑。
最后一句是个强调句,强调这已经是魏某第二次因盗墓被判刑。
It was the second time that tomb raiding had landed him behind bars.
behind bars,是一个固定搭配,表示坐牢,身陷囹圄。
land,在这里是熟词僻义。表示的是获得,得到,赢得。比如:他找到了一份工作,我们也可以说He lands a job.
第二段指出了中国加大打击盗墓的情况。
第一句开门见山,指出中国在打击盗墓方面的努力。
①China is redoubling efforts to catch grave robbers.
中国正加倍努力把这些盗墓贼绳之以法。
be redoubling efforts, 相当于make great efforts.
redouble, 作动词,表示加倍;加强;增加。
举个例子:
The Government redouble its efforts to beat crime.
政府必须要加大力度打击犯罪。
catch在这里表示抓住,抓住盗墓贼,引申为绳之以法。
第二句列明了打击盗墓犯罪的成果。
②Last year authorities arrested 2,400 such thieves and retrieved over 31,000 lost or stolen items, almost three times the number reclaimed during the previous year.
去年抓获盗墓贼达2400人,追回3.1万件丢失或被盗的文物,几乎是前年的三倍。
arrested 2,400 such thieves-抓获此类盗贼2400人。
retrieved over 31,000 lost or stolen items-追回3.1万件丢失或被盗的文物。
retrieve,指to find and bring back something,表示找回;取回;挽回。
《经济学人》2014年在讲到韩国游轮失事后,有一句评价:
They have retrieved dozens of bodies, but the number of survivors, at 174, has not changed since the day the ship sank.
他们已经打捞出数十具身体,但幸存者人数为174人,自船沉没以来一直没有变化。
回到文中来,追回3.1万件几乎是千年的三倍。
reclaim表示取回;拿回;收回,和前面的retrieve相互替换。
最后三句指出了政府打击力度不减。
③The government agency responsible for protecting relics says it is in the midst of a 12-month crackdown on tomb raiders that involves more investment in staff and equipment.④Punishments are growing more severe.⑤In 2017 a man convicted of leading a gang of 200 grave robbers was put to death.
负责保护文物的政府部门表示,他们正在进行打击盗墓的行动,并为此投入了更多的人员和装备。相关惩罚措施变得越来越严厉。2017年,一名男子因领导一个由200名盗墓者组成的团伙而被判死刑。
这几句不难,我们来说几个语言点。
in the midst of,表示在…之中,常用来描述背景信息。
来看看《经济学人》2020年对新冠疫情的分析,其中有一句:
The world is demanding better supply chains in the midst of COVID-19, a US-China trade war, growing economic nationalism and the rise of e-commerce.
在新冠肺炎、美中贸易战、日益高涨的经济民族主义和电子商务崛起的背景下,世界正在要求更好的供应链。
crackdown on sth, 做名词,表示制裁;处罚;打击;镇压。比如:对腐败的打击,可以说crackdown on corruption.
来看最后一句话:
In 2017 a man convicted of leading a gang of 200 grave robbers was put to death.
convicted of leading a gang of 200 grave robbers做定语修饰的是a man.
convict, 表示(在法庭上)宣判…有罪,证明…有罪。常用表达为be convicted of sth, of后面常常为犯罪的行为。
举个例子:
He has twice been convicted of robbery/arson.
他两次被判犯有抢劫罪/纵火罪。
was put to death相当于was sentenced to death.被判处死刑。
感谢阅读、分享、转发!
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