2021年度热词出炉！躺平、凡尔赛、内卷……驻美大使秦刚给出了英文解释

近日，中国驻美国大使秦刚应邀在线出席“旅游和人文交流”主题论坛开幕式并发表主旨演讲。

在演讲中，秦大使以图文并茂的方式和生动风趣的语言，结合当下中国流行的七个“热词”，向美国公众介绍了中国的最新发展情况和中国人的精神面貌，一起来看看这些流行语。

而对于每个热词，秦刚均分别作了详细解释：

这组词产生于抗疫，但在中国却有着悠久历史和深沉的人文情怀。2000多年前，孔子提出“民惟邦本”思想，强调人是国家的根本。中国共产党成立百年来奋斗的初心和使命就是为人民谋幸福。坚持以人民为中心，是中国共产党的执政理念和中国特色社会主义核心价值观之一。

疫情肆虐时，我们前所未有调集全国资源、举国同心开展最严格、最全面、最彻底的大规模科学防控和救治，不放弃每一个角落，不放弃每一个生的希望，从出生仅30个小时的婴儿到100多岁的老人，不计代价，全力免费救治。目前，疫情在中国全境得到有效控制，局部地区出现散发病例或聚集性疫情，都能迅速得到遏制。

The phrase, “people first, life first” came from China’s fight against the pandemic, a massive nationwide effort that meant no place was left behind and no life was given up on.

“From a 30-hour-old baby to senior citizens over 100 years old, no cost was spared to save a life, and all the treatment was free,” the envoy said. “Now the pandemic has been put under effective control in China, and sporadic or cluster cases in a few regions were all curbed very quickly.” 

是指在抗疫过程中那些不惧风险、迎难而上、无私奉献的人物群体。他们中有从全国各地奔赴疫情一线、与时间赛跑、跟病毒搏击、抢救生命的医护工作者、解放军、消防员；有通宵奋战仅用10余天时间建成战地医院的建筑工人；有把私家车当出租车免费接送病患和医务工作者的普通市民；有日夜值守的公安干警，抢运物资的卡车司机，坚守岗位的快递小哥、保安、环卫工人；还有在社区执行管理检测、为居民订菜送饭倒垃圾的志愿者。

Also made popular during China’s efforts to control the pandemic was the saying ni xing zhe, or “heroes in harm’s way”, which refers to everyday heroes such as medical professionals, military personnel and firefighters who put their duty before their lives and made sacrifices to fight the pandemic.

是指一些年轻人放弃奋斗、不思进取，他们或逃避竞争、低欲望生活，或不想工作、回家啃老，类似美国的归巢族。选择躺平的人，有的家境比较优越，一出生就躺赢；有的认为不管怎样，都有国家基本医疗、失业保险和养老保险等兜底。这和他们的父辈不同，那时，家家户户没有这么好的条件，社会资源紧缺，凭票购物，想躺平也没条件，只能奋斗。另一方面，与父辈相比，这一代年轻人面临着更大的压力和竞争，如就业、职场、住房、生育等等，仅举一个数字，每年就有一千万大学毕业生走向社会。有人认为躺平是一种与世无争，无欲无求的人生处世哲学；有人认为躺平是对社会快速发展的无奈选择；有人认为躺平是为了释放情绪后更好地站起来；但更多的人不认同躺平，认为躺平是精致利己主义。人们更崇尚逆行者。

Another buzzword, tang ping, or “lie flat”, describes Chinese youngsters who have little ambition and do the bare minimum to get by. It turns out that the “lie-flatters” are from well-off families, born with a silver spoon in their mouths, or believe that whatever happens to them, they have basic medical insurance, pension and unemployment subsidies to fall back on, Qin said.

“This is totally different from previous generations, who didn’t have the luxury to ‘lie flat’, because they had to tighten their belts and work hard to earn a living,” he said, adding that younger people are facing greater pressure than older generations when it comes to employment.

Qin said more people don’t approve of the “lie-flatters”, who they believe are self-centered, and have greater respect for the “heroes in harm’s way”.

“Versailles,” originally from the “Palace of Versailles” in French, was borrowed to describe the self-claimed aristocratic spirit. On social media, it is used to label humble-braggers, he said.

The ambassador told a personal story to illustrate why the government unveiled a policy to address nei juan, or “involution”, a buzzword meaning irrational or involuntary competition, which makes people feel burned out.

“I still remember over 10 years ago, my weekends were spent rushing my kid from one training school to another, and the courses he took ranged from math to physics,” he said.
After a whole day of classes, a tutor came to the family home in the evening. When the tutoring session finished, Qin had to help his son with his composition homework.

就是政府针对内卷出台的政策，要减轻义务教育阶段学生作业负担和校外培训负担，目的是让教育回归本真，孩子要在学校里，德智体全面发展，使成长比成功更重要，不能让资本操作教育。“双减”来了，孩子课业压力小了，小伙伴们不用再比拼谁上的课外班多、课外班有名，孩子们有更多时间锻炼玩耍了，天性得到释放。可还是有家长觉得天塌了，花钱把自己孩子培养成学霸，现在却被剥夺了靠多刷题出人头地的机会。但更多家长觉得天亮了，终于不那么累了，可以护住自己的钱包，不受教育商业化忽悠了。

That’s why most parents felt a burden had been lifted when education authorities rolled out shuang jian, or double reduction. The policy reduced the excessive homework load and after-school tutoring hours for students, giving them more time for sports, play and hobbies.

The last buzzword, “Celebrity Fan Clubs,” refers to the phenomenon that some celebrities use internet to hype up themselves and cause their fans to admire them in an irrational manner, while such abnormalities stem from a chain of interests dominated by online platforms and the capital that supports them, he said.

秦刚还表示，上述热词反映的是中国在经历经济快速发展、社会深刻变革过程中，中国人价值取向的变与不变。搞中国特色社会主义，物质文明和精神文明要全面发展。我们要在市场经济大潮中坚守中国优秀传统价值观和公平正义，不迷失自我。中国除了依法治国，还以德治国。何为中国的传统美德？天下为公。就是安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜！在中国，资本无节制逐利垄断，损害社会公共利益，是行不通的。