2022年1月浙江首考英语试卷定语从句句型使用情况归纳
浙江省华维外国语学校 朱建焕
定语从句是一种非常常见的为了增加表达多样性和高级型的句型表达形式，如果细分下来，定语从句又可以分成修饰somebody和修饰something两种，然后根据被修饰的先行词在定语从句中所做的不同成份，不同的关系代词和关系副词被相应使用，这些关系代词或关系副词包括that、which、who、whom、when、where、why和whose等。
2022年1月浙江首考英语试卷是一份经过命题专家斟酌、研究精心设制的试题，无论从各个角度去审视，它都经得起检验。纵观整套试题，从听力、阅读理解、完型填空、语法填空、应用文写作和读后续写各种语篇中我们都能够看到各种定语从句的存在。笔者仔细梳理这份试卷，归纳罗列各种定语从句如下：
阅读理解
A 篇
例句呈现：
1. The downturn hit the real estate（房地产）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager.
句型分析：
此句先行词the real estate firm在后面的限制性定语从句中充当地点状语，所以使用关系副词where。
例句呈现：
2．As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast, away from her parents, where she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road biking.
句型分析：
此句先行词the Californian coast在后面的非限制性定语从句中充当地点状语，所以使用关系副词where。
B 篇
例句呈现：
3. Yet properly understood, the age of electricity is merely the second stage in the age of steam, which began a century earlier.
句型分析：
此句先行词the real estate firm在后面的定语从句中充当地点状 语，所以使用关系副词where。
例句呈现：
4. The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, where Watt perfected “the machine that changed the world”.
句型分析：
此句先行词Scotland在后面的非限制性定语从句中充当地点状 语，所以使用关系副词where。
例句呈现：
5. Edison perfected an incandescent bulls that brought electric light into the American home.
句型分析：
此句先行词an incandescent bulls在后面的限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以使用关系代词that，注意这里使用which也可以被接受。
例句呈现：
6. Most importantly, Edison realized that success depended on mass electrification, which he showed in New York City.
句型分析：
此句先行词mass electrification在后面的非限制性定语从句中充当宾语，所以使用关系代词which，注意在非限制性定语从句中that不可被使用。
例句呈现：
7. With help from Tesla, Westinghouse’s firm developed a system using alternating current, which soon became the major forms of power delivery.
句型分析：
此句先行词a system在后面的非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以使用关系代词which，注意在非限制性定语从句中that不可被使用。
例句呈现：
8. It’s a technique that helps turn a long narrative into an interesting one.
句型分析：
此句先行词a technique在后面的限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以使用关系代词that, 注意这里使用which也可以被接受。
C 篇
例句呈现：
9. New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia（失智症）in later life，and as they did，it came on a decade later than less sporty women.
句型分析：
此句先行词middle-aged women在后面的限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以使用关系代词who，注意这里使用that也可以被接受。
例句呈现：
10. She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were from Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.
句型分析：
此句先行词women在后面的非限制性定语从句中充当介词宾语，所以使用关系代词whom, 由于在介词后面who和that不可被接受。
七选五任务型阅读
例句呈现：
11．I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choice that allows me to make the most of every day, and still feel happy and relaxed.
句型分析：
此句先行词choice在后面的限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以使用关系代词that, 注意这里使用which也可以被接受。
例句呈现：
12. Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.
句型分析：
此句先行词time在后面的限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以使用关系代词that, 注意这里使用which也可以被接受。例句呈现：
13. Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (职业）around the people and activities you love.
句型分析：
此句先行词people在后面的限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以使用关系代词who, 注意这里使用that也可以被接受。
例句呈现：
14. You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks.
句型分析：
此句先行词things在后面的限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以使用关系代词that，注意这里使用which也可以被接受。
例句呈现：
15. Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
句型分析：
此句先行词a small victory在后面的限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以使用关系代词that, 注意这里使用which也可以被接受。
完形填空
例句呈现：
16. Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 39. (similar) problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in 40. (silence).
句型分析：
此句先行词some friends在后面的限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以使用关系代词who, 注意这里使用that也可以被接受。
例句呈现：
17. The research team 44.(includes) Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done 45. (ground-breaking) work on eye care using stem cells.
句型分析：
此句先行词Allan Slomovic在后面的非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以使用关系代词who, 注意在非限制性定语从句中that不可被使用。
例句呈现：
18.“I’m trying to get more and more people to 49. (understand) that there are solutions(解决办法),” said Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after 50.( retirement), .
句型分析：
此句先行词a trained nurse在后面的限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以使用关系代词who, 注意这里使用that也可以被接受。
语法填空
例句呈现：
19. Kim, Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics 56.(who/that) are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.
句型分析：
此句先行词academics（学者）在后面的定语从句中充当主语，所以使用关系代词who或者that。
例句呈现：
20．Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 62.（if/whether）she could do so remotely, about three quarters of 63. (the) time, they agreed.
句型分析：
此句先行词organizers在后面的限制性定语从句中充当主语, 所 以使用关系代词who, 注意这里使用that也可以被接受。
应用文
例句呈现：
21．Hearing that you have returned to Ireland, I am writing to express my missing about you. I really can’t forget all the fun that/which we had in the China-Ireland Culture Festival last month.
句型分析：
此句先行词fun在后面的限制性定语从句中充当宾语, 所 以使用关系代词that或者which, 注意这里that或which也可以被省略。
例句呈现：
22. We attended the literature forum where many talented writers were discussed.
句型分析：
此句先行词organizers在后面的限制性定语从句中充当主语, 所 以使用关系代词who, 注意这里使用that也可以被接受。
例句呈现：
23. Those activities gave me a rare glimpse of Ireland and furthered my understanding of the Chinese culture, which will be engraved in my memory.
句型分析：
此句先行词the Chinese culture在后面的非限制性定语从句中充当主语, 所以使用关系代词which, 注意在非限制性定语从句中that不可被使用。
读后续写
例句呈现：
24．Above all, I hoped he wouldn’t assign me to with the intense, fiercely competitive, singularly serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match.
句型分析：
此句先行词fellow在后面的限制性定语从句中充当主语, 所以使用关系代词who, 注意这里使用that也可以被接受。
例句呈现：
25．Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades-the exact opposite of me.
句型分析：
此句先行词student在后面的限制性定语从句中充当主语, 所 以使用关系代词who, 注意这里使用that也可以被接受。
例句呈现：
26．When Dr. Gullickson first let me know about the situation, I felt a general concern for my teammate who have grown to respect for his tireless work ethic.
句型分析：
此句先行词teammate在后面的限制性定语从句中充当主语, 所 以使用关系代词who, 注意这里使用that也可以被接受。
定语从句的使用不仅可以使语篇表达具有丰富性和多样性，而且定语从句可以使写作者感受到英语语言的魅力，通过自由组合各种各样的高级句型，包括定语从句，写作者可以充分享受表达的快乐和语言的新颖。所以，通过分析高考语篇中的各种定语从句使用情况，我们完全可以树立使用定语从句的良好习惯，使自己的语言表达更加高级、更加新颖。（2582 words）
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