疫情下的未来办公室“三大主旋律”|经济学人精读解析

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By 拔丝英语网

距离新冠疫情爆发已过去了整整两年。在这段时间里,人们生活的方方面面都或多或少受到了影响。

今天的文章以幽默诙谐的口吻探讨了疫情前后办公室所发生的变化。一直以来办公室都是典型的工作场所,但随着越来越多如远程工作这样的新形式成为常态,办公室的布局与用途也在逐渐改变。

让我们跟随今天的文章看看未来办公室的“三大主旋律”。

学习要点

疫情前后办公室的作用发生了哪些变化?

如何理解“呆伯特和大卫·布伦特的领域”?

如何表示“办公桌轮用制”

后缀“-ard”表示什么?

长难句的分析

带着问题去精读

*文章来源:The Economist
*本文中原文及部分例句翻译均采用机翻+译介译后编辑团队完成,仅供参考。
不当之处欢迎大家在评论区讨论。
*机翻平台:DeepL
 

1

精读原文

The office of the future

未来的办公室

 

The office used to be a place people went because they had to. Meetings happened in conference rooms and in person. Desks took up the bulk of the space. The kingdom of Dilbert and of David Brent is now under threat. The pandemic has exposed the office to competition from remote working, and brought up a host of questions about how it should be designed in the future.

办公室曾是一个人们不得不去的地方。人们面对面地在会议室开会;办公桌占据了绝大部分空间。但呆伯特(Dilbert)和大卫·布伦特(David Brent)的领域(即办公室)现在正受到威胁。疫情让办公室不得不与远程工作竞争,关于未来该如何设计办公室也产生了诸多问题。

?精读解析:

 

文章第一段用Dilbert和David Brent的领域指代办公室进行转折,但大家可能不太理解是什么意思。这里进行一些背景补充:

①Dilbert

呆伯特(Dilbert)是美国漫画家斯科特·亚当斯(Scott Adams)在1989年开始出版的五格或四格漫画跟书籍系列,由作者自身办公室经验跟读者来信为本的讽刺职场现实的作品。描述了一个倒霉的技术职业者呆伯特与一只愤世嫉俗的狗Dogbert(狗伯特)的生活经历。方脸、翘领带的计算机工程师呆伯特,是全球最有名的上班族,他的身边总是有陷害他的上司和一群神经质的同事。

 

呆伯特道尽了小上班族被老板欺压的无奈,也描绘了上班族不时使些小坏以抒发对冷酷组织的反抗。众多上班族读者在这部漫画中看到了自己生活的影子,因此它获得了巨大的共鸣和支持。

 

疫情下的未来办公室“三大主旋律”|经济学人精读解析

②David Brent

英国喜剧《办公室笑云》(The Office)的主人公。

 

故事发生在位于英国斯劳市的虚构纸业公司Wernham Hogg Paper Company,剧情描述公司职员的日常生活。虽然是虚构的剧本,剧集的形式却是纪录片,剧中人物都明确地知道摄像机的位置。

 

David是颇为自负、冷笑话不断的部门经理,没完没了的幼稚举动总给自己和周围的人制造麻烦。可悲的是,虽然他全心全意将自己奉献给工作及员工,在第二季的结尾,他却成了“多余的人”。

疫情下的未来办公室“三大主旋律”|经济学人精读解析

No.1

bulk /bʌlk/ n.  v.

(1)该词既可作名词也可作动词,首先我们来看它做名词时的含义:

①【释义】文中出现的表达the bulk (of sth)表示:the main part of sth; most of sth

(某物的)主体,大部分

 

【例句】

The bulk of the population lives in cities.

大多数人口居住在城市里。

The bulk of consumers are based in towns.

大多数消费者都是城镇居民。

②【释义】the (large) size or quantity of sth

(大)体积;大(量)

【例句】

Despite its bulk and weight, the car is extremely fast.

尽管这辆车大而且重,速度却非常快。

③【释义】the weight or shape of sb/sth large 

巨大的体重(或重量、形状、身体等)

 

【例句】

She heaved her bulk out of the chair.

她挪动庞大的躯体,费力地从椅子里站起来。

【短语】

bulk buying (= buying in large amounts, often at a reduced price):

(常指以低价)大量购买

in bulk:if you buy goods in bulk, you buy large amounts each time you buy them

大批地(购买商品)

(2)bulk在做动词时的用法比较有限,主要是以下两种表达:

①bulk large

【释义】to be the most important part of sth

是…的最重要部分

【例句】

Fears of his death bulked large in her thoughts.

她满脑子都是对他死亡的担忧。

②bulk sth↔out/up

 

【释义】to make sth bigger, thicker or heavier 

使某物加大(或加厚、加重)

 

【例句】

We can bulk out the report with lots of diagrams.

我们可以加进许多图表使报告的内容更充实。

No.2

host

这个词我们都很熟悉了,不过此处的 a host of 则是表示

a large number of people or things (许多;大量)

 

【短语】

a host of possibilities 多种可能性

【例句】

疫情下的未来办公室“三大主旋律”|经济学人精读解析

新闻编辑室 第二季 第5集

2

精读原文

Start with what the office is for. In the past it was a place for employees to get their work done, whatever form that took. Now other conceptions of its role jostle for attention. Some think of the office as the new offsite. Its purpose is to get people together in person so they can do the things that remote working makes harder: forging deeper relationships or collaborating in real time on specific projects. Others talk of the office as a destination, a place that has to make the idea of getting out of bed earlier, in order to mingle with people who may have covid-19, seem attractive.

让我们从办公室的用途谈起。过去,员工要在办公室完成各种形式的工作。而现在,人们对办公室的用途有了博人眼球的新构想。有些人认为办公室是新晋的非工作场所,其用途是让人们能聚集在一起,以便做一些因远程工作而变得困难的事:如建立更深层的伙伴关系,或是就特定项目进行实时合作。还有的人则将办公室视作一个目的地——你必须早起去这个目的地,才能和可能感染了新冠的人打上交道,这种想法似乎挺有吸引力的。

?精读解析:

 

本段描写了人们对办公室这一概念的思想变化,末尾用十分幽默的口吻描述了一些人对办公室的反感。

 

我们先来看看这句话的结构:

 

【主干】Others talk of the office as a destination, 【destination的同位语】a place that has to make the idea of getting out of bed earlier,【目的状语】in order to mingle with people who may have covid-19, seem attractive.

 

乍一看最后的“seem attractive”似乎有些突兀,不仔细分析可能会找错主语。这里的“seem”用的是原型或是第三人称复数的形式,因此前面的“destination”“a place”等都不可能是其主语,而如果复数的“others”和后面的“people”是seem的主语也翻译不通顺,因此只能是“a place that has to make the idea of…seem attractive”。

No.1

jostle /ˈdʒɒsl / v.

①【释义】to push roughly against sb in a crowd 

(在人群中)挤,推,撞,搡

 

【例句】

The visiting president was jostled by angry demonstrators.

到访的总统受到愤怒的示威者的推搡。

People were jostling, arguing and complaining.

人们推推搡搡,争吵着抱怨着。

②文中使用的“jostle for sth”是其常见搭配,同时这里也运用了拟人的修辞手法。

【释义】to compete strongly and with force with other people for sth

争夺;争抢

【例句】

People in the crowd were jostling for the best positions.

这群人在竞相抢占最好的位置。

 

疫情下的未来办公室“三大主旋律”|经济学人精读解析

燃情克利夫兰 第五季 第12集

 

No.2

offsite n.

【释义】an occasion when employees go somewhere away from their office together, especially for a meeting or for team building 

非办公场所;非事发场所;工作场所之外

【例句】

疫情下的未来办公室“三大主旋律”|经济学人精读解析

亿万 第一季 第5集

 

【拓展】

写作off-site时可做形容词或副词

表示:happening away from a particular place, especially a place of work

不在某场所(的),工作场所之外(的)

反义词为on-site

【短语】

the off-site disposal of harmful waste

有害废弃物的厂外处置

No.3

forge /fɔːdʒ / v.

①【释义】

to develop something new, especially a strong relationship with other people, groups, or countries

表示形成,缔造(尤指与其他的人、团体或国家形成牢固的关系)

 

【短语】

a move to forge new links between management and workers

努力建立劳资新关系的措施

 

【例句】

Strategic alliances are being forged with major European companies.

正与欧洲主要公司设法结成战略同盟。

 

②【释义】to move forward in a steady but powerful way 

稳步前进

 

【例句】

He forged through the crowds to the front of the stage.

他挤过人群稳步走到台前。

She forged into the lead (= in a competition, race, etc.).

她(在比赛、赛跑等中)稳步领先。

 

*forge ahead (with sth):to move forward quickly; to make a lot of progress quickly

迅速向前;进步神速

The company is forging ahead with its plans for expansion.

公司的拓展计划正顺利进行。

 

③【释义】to make an illegal copy of sth in order to cheat people 

伪造;假冒

 

【短语】

to forge a passport/banknote/cheque

伪造护照/钞票/支票

No.4

mingle /ˈmɪŋɡl / verb

①【释义】

to move among people and talk to them, especially at a social event

表示“(尤指在社交场所)相交往,混杂其中”,此时是不及物动词

此时的近义词有circulate:表示“(尤指在聚会上)往来应酬,周旋”

 

【例句】

She was eager to mingle with the other guests.

她很热切地想和其他客人聊聊。

Alison mingled for a while and then went to where Douglas stood with John.

艾利森去应酬了一会儿,然后走到道格拉斯和约翰站着的地方。

 

②【释义】to combine or make one thing combine with another

表示“(使)与… 结合;使混合;使联结”

 

【例句】

Add the mint and allow the flavours to mingle.

加入薄荷,把各种味道混合起来。

Her perfume mingled with the smell of woodsmoke from the fire.

她的香水味和炉火里柴烟的味道混合在一起。

Her excitement was mingled with a slight feeling of fear.

她兴奋中带着一丝恐惧。

3

精读原文

In other words, a layout that is largely devoted to people working at serried desks alongside the same colleagues each day all feels very 2019. With fewer people coming in and more emphasis on collaboration, fewer desks will be assigned to individuals. Instead, there will be more shared areas, or “neighbourhoods”, where people in a team can work together flexibly. (More hot-desking will also necessitate storage space for personal possessions: lockers may soon be back in your life.)

换句话说,每天坐在排列整齐的办公桌前工作,周围的同事一成不变——办公室的布局主要就是满足这种需要,但这一切都让人感觉还生活在2019年。现在来办公室的人越来越少,工作更加注重合作,因此分配给个人专用的办公桌也将减少。办公室里会有越来越多共享区域,或更多“邻里”,一个团队的人在其中可以轻松合作。(越来越多公司采用办公桌轮用制,于是办公室便需要提供个人物品的储存空间:因此储物柜或许很快就会回到你的生活中。)

?精读解析:

No.1

layout /ˈleɪaʊt / noun

①【释义】the way in which the parts of sth such as the page of a book, a garden or a building are arranged

表示“布局(图);规划(图);布置;设计;安排”,通常以单数形式出现。

本段中其实就是指代办公室(的布局)。

【例句】

We visited all the districts of Shanghai to better understand the layout of the city.

我们参观了上海的各个地区以更好地了解全城的布局。

 

②该词还可以表示“(广告、书籍、报刊等的)版面编排;版面设计”

 

【例句】

She works on layout at the printshop.

她在印刷厂做版面编排工作。

No.2

serried /ˈserid / adj.

【释义】standing or arranged closely together in rows or lines

表示“(行列)密排的,密集的,靠拢的”,常位于名词前作定语

【短语】

serried ranks of soldiers 

密集排列的士兵

the serried ranks of reporters waiting outside 

密密麻麻地排在外面等待的记者

 

No.3

hot-desking

【释义】

the practice of not assigning permanent desks in a workplace, so that employees may work at any available desk; a way of saving office space in which workers do not have their own desk and are only given a desk when they need it

表示“办公桌轮用(制)”

*动词形式是hot-desk;而在表示用以共享的桌子时则不用加连字符。

【例句】

Hot-desking allows a company to have significantly smaller premises.

办公桌轮用制让一家公司所需的营业场所范围显著减小。

Hot desks should be kept clean and tidy at all times because you don’t know who will use them next.

轮用的办公桌应始终保持洁净,因为你不知道下一次使用它们的人会是谁。

Many modern office workers are expected to hot-desk.

许多现代办公室的员工都希望能采用办公桌轮用制。

4

精读原文

To bridge gaps between teams, one tactic is to set aside more of the office to showcase the work of each department, so that people who never encounter each other on Zoom can see examples of what their colleagues do. Another option is to ply everyone with drink. Expect more space to be set aside for socialising and events. Bars in offices are apparently going to be a thing. Robin Klehr Avia of Gensler, an architecture firm, says she is seeing lots of requests for places, like large auditoriums, where a company’s clients can have “experiences”.
要消除团队之间的隔阂,有一种策略是留出更多的办公空间以展示每个部门的工作,这样那些从不会在视频会议软件Zoom上碰面的人便可以看到自己的同事所做的工作。消除隔阂的另一种手段则是不断给每个人灌酒水。预计会有更多空间用以社交和举办活动。那么在办公室里设置酒吧显然十分合适。建筑公司甘斯勒的罗宾·克里尔·阿维亚(Robin Klehr Avia)说,她看到很多人要求公司提供像大礼堂这样的场所,让公司的客户也拥有同样的“体验”。

?精读解析:

No.1

ply sb with sth

①该词组在文中表示:to keep giving sb large amounts of sth, especially food and/or drink

持续大量提供(食物、饮料等)

【例句】

疫情下的未来办公室“三大主旋律”|经济学人精读解析

广告狂人 第一季 第1集

②还可以表示:to keep asking sb questions

不停地提问

【例句】

He plied me with questions from the moment he arrived.

他一到就不断地向我提问题。

 

疫情下的未来办公室“三大主旋律”|经济学人精读解析

马男波杰克 第六季 第6集

5

精读原文

Designs for the post-covid office must also allow for hybrid work. Meetings have to work for virtual participants as well as for in-person contributors: cameras, screens and microphones will proliferate. Gensler’s New York offices feature mini-meeting rooms that have a monitor and a half-table jutting out from the wall below it, with seating for four or five people arranged to face the screen, not each other.
后疫情时代的办公室也必须为能进行各种形式的工作而设计。无论是线上参与者还是线下的贡献者都要能参加会议:因此摄像机、电子屏和麦克风的数量都会激增。甘斯勒公司在纽约的办公室配备有迷你会议室,每间会议室都有一个显示屏,下面的墙上伸出半张桌子,还安排有四到五个人的座位面对着屏幕,而非面对面。

?精读解析:

No.1

proliferate /prəˈlɪfəreɪt/ verb

【释义】vi. to increase rapidly in number or amount

表示“迅速繁殖(或增殖);猛增”,与multiply意思相近

【例句】

Books and articles on the subject have proliferated over the last year.

过去一年以来,论及这一专题的书和文章大量涌现。

 

疫情下的未来办公室“三大主旋律”|经济学人精读解析

Seven Worlds, One Planet: Asia

No.2

jut /dʒʌt/ verb

【释义】

to stick out further than the surrounding surface, objects, etc; to make sth stick out

表示“(使)突出,伸出”。

常见搭配有“jut out (from, into, over sth)”,“jut sth (out)”

 

【例图】

A row of small windows jutted out from the roof.

有一排小窗户从房顶上突出来。

A rocky headland jutted into the sea.

嶙峋的岬角突入海中。

She jutted her chin out stubbornly.

她倔强地把下巴翘得高高的。

6

精读原文

Variety will be another theme. People may plan to work in groups in the morning, but need to concentrate on something in the afternoon. Ryan Anderson of Herman Miller, a furniture firm, likens the difference between the pre- and post-pandemic office to that between a hotel and a home. Hotels are largely given over to rooms for individuals. “Home is thought of as a place for a family over years, hosting lots of different activities.”

(未来办公室)用途的多样性则是另一个主旋律。人们可能会计划在上午分组进行工作,而下午则需要集中精力做一些事情。赫曼·米勒(Herman Miller)家具公司的莱恩·安德森(Ryan Anderson)将疫情前后办公室的区别类比为酒店和家的区别。酒店的房间一般是个人专用的,而“人们认为家是多年来属于某个家庭的场所,会举办各种各样的活动。”

?拓展内容:

 

本段中引用了一个家具公司成员对办公室变化的观点,让我们一起分析一下这句话:

Ryan Anderson of Herman Miller, a furniture firm, likens the difference between the pre- and post-pandemic office to that between a hotel and a home.

这句话看上去可能比较复杂,但主干结构其实很简单

就是“Ryan Anderson likens A to B.(莱恩·安德森把A比作B)”。

其中的A是“the difference between the pre- and post-pandemic office”

B则是“that(=the difference) between a hotel and a home”。因此整句话意思就是:

赫曼·米勒家具公司的莱恩·安德森将疫情前后办公室的区别比作酒店和家的区别。

7

精读原文

All of which implies the need for flexibility. Laptop docking stations are simple additions, but other bits of office furniture are harder to overhaul. Desks themselves tend to be tethered to the floor through knotted bundles of cables and plugs. The office of the future may well feature desks with wheels, which ought to go well with all that extra alcohol. Meeting rooms are likely to be more flexible, too, with walls that lift and slide.
综上所述,(未来的办公室)要具有灵活性。要增加笔记本电脑拓展坞很容易,但其他的办公设备就比较难进行改造了。办公桌本身也往往会受打结的电缆线和杂乱的插头限制,在地面上动弹不得。未来的办公室可能会配备齐全带滑轮的办公桌,这些桌子搭配额外的酒水应当很合适。将来会议室的墙壁能够升降和滑动,也会变得更加灵活。

?精读解析:

No.1

overhaul /ˈəʊvəhɔːl/ v, n

①【释义】v. 

to examine every part of a machine, system, etc. and make any necessary changes or repairs; to repair or change the necessary parts in a machine, system etc that is not working correctly

表示“彻底检修;全面改造”。也可以作名词使用

【例句】

A mechanic is coming to overhaul the engine.

一名机修工前来对引擎进行彻底检修。

A radical overhaul of the tax system is necessary.

有必要彻底改革税制。

 

②【释义】

to change a system or method in order to improve it

表示“全面改革(制度或方法)”。同样可以作名词使用

 

【例句】

All the community’s decision-making institutions need to be overhauled.

社区的所有决策机构都需要进行彻底改革。

 

③【释义】

to come from behind a person you are competing against in a race and go past them

表示“赶上,超过(赛跑对手)”,此时义同“overtake”

 

【例句】

He managed to overhaul the leader on the final lap.

他在最后一圈发力超过了领先的选手。

No.2

 tether /ˈteðə(r) / v, n

该词做名词时表示的是“(拴牲畜的)拴绳,拴链;(能力、行动、办法等的)限度,范围”。不过文中是作动词使用,表示“(用绳、链等)拴;限制,约束”。

【短语】

tether one’s plan to one’s resources 

将计划限于自己财力允许的范围之内

at the end of one’s tether

山穷水尽;一筹莫展;走投无路

 

【例句】

The rig remained tethered to the well during the storms.

钻塔在暴风雨中依然固定在油井上。

He was tethered to a woman whom he no longer loved.

他摆脱不了自己不再爱的女人。

 

8

精读原文

If socialising and flexibility are two of the themes of the post-pandemic office, a third is data. Property and HR managers alike will want more data in order to understand how facilities are being used, and on which days and times people are bunching in the office. Workers will demand more data on health risks: the quality of ventilation within meeting rooms, say, or proper contact-tracing if a colleague tests positive for the latest covid-19 variant.

如果说社交需求和灵活性是后疫情时代办公室的两个主旋律,那么第三个便是数据。房地产和人力资源经理都希望能得到更多数据,以便了解各场所的使用情况,以及人们在哪些日子和时间段会聚集在办公室里。员工们会要求获得更多关于健康风险的数据:比如会议室内的通风情况,或是在有同事对新冠病毒最新变异株的检测结果呈阳性时,能获得准确的接触者追踪数据。

?精读解析:

 

No.1

bunch /bʌntʃ/

该词既可作名词也可作动词,在这里我们主要介绍其动词用法:

①【释义】

to stay close together in a group, or to make people do this

表示“(使)聚拢,(使)围拢,(使)集中”

常用搭配为“bunch (…) up/together”

 

【例句】

John stopped, forcing the rest of the group to bunch up behind him.

约翰停下脚步,使得其他人在他身后聚了起来。

The sheep bunched together as soon as they saw the dog.

那些绵羊一见到狗就挤作一团。

 

②【释义】

to become tight or to form tight folds; to make sth do this

表示“(使)变紧,成皱褶”

 

【例句】

His muscles bunched under his shirt.

他衬衫下面的肌肉紧绷绷的。

Her skirt had bunched up round her waist.

她的裙子在腰际成皱褶收拢。

He bunched his fists.

他握紧拳头。

No.2

 ventilation /ˌventɪˈleɪʃn/ n.

【释义】

来源于动词ventilate(使通风;使通气),表示“通风;空气流通;通风方法,通风设备”

医学上还可以表示“供氧,换气”。大家在阅读新冠疫情相关报道时可能有见过“ventilator”一词,它在该语境下就表示“呼吸机,呼吸器”;还可以表示“通风设备;通风口”

【例句】

Windows on three sides of the house provide good ventilation.

房子三面有窗,通风良好。

Make sure that there is adequate ventilation in the room before using the paint.

在使用油漆前确保室内通风充足。

9

精读原文

 

And data will flow more copiously in response: from sensors in desks and lighting but also from desk-booking tools and visitor-management apps. The question of who owns data on office occupants and what consent mechanisms are needed to gather this information is about to become more pressing.

大量数据将随之涌现:这些数据来自办公桌上的传感器和照明设备、办公桌预订工具以及访客管理应用程序。谁能拥有办公室使用者的数据,以及收集这些信息需要怎样的批准流程,这样的问题将变得愈发紧迫。

?精读解析:

 

本段提出了随着办公室的变化而来的一些问题:

The question of who owns data on office occupants and what consent mechanisms are needed to gather this information is about to become more pressing.

这句话看起来很长,不过主干其实很短

就是“The question (of …) is about to become more pressing”;其中的question就是指“who owns data on office occupants”和“what consent mechanisms are needed to gather this information”。因此这句话的含义就是:谁能拥有办公室使用者的数据,以及收集这些信息需要怎样的批准流程,这样的问题将变得愈发紧迫。

 

No.1

copious /ˈkəʊpiəs/ adj.

 

 

【释义】in large amounts

表示“大量的;充裕的;丰富的”,可与“abundant”同义替换

【例句】

I took copious notes.

我做了详尽的笔记。

She supports her theory with copious evidence.

她以大量的论据来支持自己的理论。

 

*文中使用的是副词形式copiously /ˈkəʊpiəsli /

【例句】

疫情下的未来办公室“三大主旋律”|经济学人精读解析

良医 第三季 第6集

No.2

 occupant /ˈɒkjəpənt / noun

 

 

①【释义】

a person who lives or works in a particular house, room, building, etc.

表示“(房屋、建筑等的)使用者,居住者”

 

【例句】

All outstanding bills will be paid by the previous occupants.

一切未支付的账单将由前住户偿付。

 

②【释义】

a person who is in a vehicle, seat, etc. at a particular time

(汽车等内的)乘坐者,占用者

【例句】

The car was badly damaged but the occupants were unhurt.

汽车严重损坏,但车内人员安然无恙。

10

精读原文

 

Put this all together and what do you get? If you are an optimist, the office of the future will be a spacious, collaborative environment that makes the commute worth it. If you are a pessimist, it will be a building full of heavily surveilled drunkards. In reality, pragmatic considerations—how much time is left on the lease, the physical constraints of a building’s layout, uncertainty about the path of the pandemic—will determine the pace of change. Whatever happens, the office won’t be what it was.

综合考虑上述因素,你能得出怎样的结论呢?在乐观主义者眼中,未来的办公室会是一种十分宽敞且有助于合作的环境,让上下班的路途变得有价值;但在悲观主义者看来,未来的办公大楼将充斥着受到严格监视的醉汉。实际上,一些务实的考量——如租约的到期时间、办公楼布局的客观限制、疫情发展的不确定因素等——将决定办公室变化的步伐。但无论如何,未来的办公室都将与之前的大不相同。

?精读解析:

 

No.1

drunkard /ˈdrʌŋkəd / noun

 

 

【释义】a person who gets drunk very often

表示“酒鬼;醉鬼”,与alcoholic同义。

【拓展】

大家可以顺便积累一下该词后缀“-ard”,表示“沉溺于…的人”、“过于…的人”。

拥有同样后缀也表示某种类型的人的单词还有:

coward 胆小鬼;懦夫;胆怯者

bastard 私生子;(认为别人走运或不幸时说)家伙,可怜虫;杂种;浑蛋;恶棍

niggard 小气的人,吝啬鬼

dullard (毫无想像力的)笨蛋,蠢人

laggard 迟钝懒散者;迟缓者;涣散的机构

No.2

 lease /liːs / noun

 

 

【释义】

a legal agreement that allows you to use a building, a piece of equipment or some land for a period of time, usually in return for rent

表示“(房屋、设备或土地的)租约,租契”

【例句】

The lease expires/runs out next year.

这份租约明年到期。

Under the terms of the lease, you have to pay maintenance charges.

按租约的条款,你得支付维修费。

【短语】

a (new) lease of/on life:

the chance to live or last longer, or with a better quality of life

表示“延年益寿;生活质量更好”

eg: Since her hip operation she’s had a new lease of life.

她自髋关节手术以后活得更有劲了。

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